Isithuthuthu sikagesi saseChina esinophethiloli wamandla kagesi generator.
Uphenyo lwenziwa ngokusebenza kanye nokuhlangana kwazo zonke izingxenye zesithuthuthu esisiklama. Noma kukhona igebe elikhulu phakathi komklamo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwesithuthuthu esihlolwayo, ithiyori nokuhlola kubonisa ukuthi ngaphansi kwezinga lebhethri namuhla, okuqondiwe kokusebenza kwesithuthuthu kungase kuthuthukiswe kakhulu ukuhlangana kahle kwazo zonke izingxenye.
Ukuhlaziywa Kwemikhiqizo Emakethe Eqondiwe. Amathuba e-Chinese Electric Motorcycle eNingizimu neFinland. Ithisisi yeBachelor. I-Kemi-Tornio University of Applied Sciences. Amabhizinisi Namasiko. Amakhasi 61.Ithesis iphenya amandla ezithuthuthu zikagesi zamaShayina emakethe yaseNingizimu neFinland ngokuhlaziywa komkhiqizo. Inhloso yale thesis ukuqonda isimo semakethe kanye namandla emakethe yokusesha yezithuthuthu zikagesi zaseShayina ngokuhlaziywa komkhiqizo. Imakethe ehlosiwe yokuhlaziywa komkhiqizo iseningizimu yeFinland. Ukuhlaziywa komkhiqizo kuwukuhlaziya okuhlobene nezidingo zamakhasimende. Izincwadi ezihlobene nokuthuthukiswa komkhiqizo kanye nokuphathwa kokumaketha zisetshenziswa kakhulu engxenyeni yefilosofi yethisisi, njengokuphathwa Kwezinto Ezintsha kanye Nokuthuthukiswa Komkhiqizo Omusha, Ukuphathwa Kokuthengisa. Izindlela zocwaningo zihlanganisa izindlela ezimbili zekhwalithi kanye nendlela eyodwa yobuningi: Ingxoxo, ukubuka nokuhlaziya imibhalo. Njengocwaningo olunamandla, inhlolokhono, ukubheka kanye nokuhlaziywa kwemibhalo kusetshenziswa ukuqoqa idatha esebenzayo kanye nezibalo ezijwayelekile zesithuthuthu sikagesi sase-China.
Kuhlongozwe isithuthuthu esisha sikagesi (EM) esinomshini wokungafuni ukushintshwa (SRM) propulsion system. Izici eziyinhloko zokusebenza kwe-EM ijubane elikhulu lika-35km/h, uhla lwama-32km ngokushajwa kanye nesivinini esingaguquki esingu-20km/h. Ekusetshenzisweni kwemoto kagesi, injini yokungabaza eshintshiwe iyisinqumo esihle ngendlela yayo yokulawula evumelana nezimo, ukubumbana, ukuqina, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye ne-torque ephezulu yokuqala. Kuleli phepha, isu lokulawula ukuhamba ngezimoto kanye nokubhuleka kabusha kokufakwa kwesithuthuthu sikagesi sase-china kuvezwa. Ukulingisa kwekhompuyutha kusetshenziswa ukuze kuhlaziywe ukuziphatha okuzinzile kwalolu hlelo lwe-SRM propulsion. Imiphumela yokuhlola yesithuthuthu sikagesi inikezwa ukuze kuboniswe ukufaneleka kwalolu hlelo lwe-SRM propulsion system.
Okokuqala, ukusebenza kwe-braking ye-drum brake ne-disc brake kwethulwa kafushane, bese kuthi amabhuleki ahlukaniswe. Leli phepha ikakhulukazi likhipha amandla okubhuleka adingwa amapharamitha wesithuthuthu sikagesi sase-china, bese liklama futhi libala imingcele ebalulekile ye-disc brake, njengobubanzi besilinda wepompo yebhuleki eyinhloko kanye nobubanzi besilinda bephampu engaphansi, ngokusho kwamandla okubhuleka. . Okokugcina, indlela yokubala iboniswa isibonelo somkhiqizo ovuthiwe, futhi amapharamitha angukhiye akhethiwe. Lokhu kufakazela ukuthi indlela yokubala yebhuleki lesithuthuthu sikagesi iyenzeka futhi iqinisekisa ukuthi ibhuleki eliklanyiwe lihlangabezana nezidingo zesikhathi sokubhuleka kwemoto. Qinisekisa ukusebenza kokushayela okuphephile.
Inhloso yaleli phepha ukuklama isikimu sokulawula izithuthuthu esinemodi ekabili yesithuthuthu sikagesi esingashintsha ngokuzenzakalela isikimu sokulawula imoto sibe isilawuli esigxile kumkhakha ongenazinzwa lapho isici seHholo sitholwa iphutha ngohlelo lokuzihlola lwesikhathi sangempela. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuqukethwe okuyinhloko kwalesi sihloko kuchazwa ukuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani i-sliding mode isibukeli sombuso ukulinganisa isikhundla se-rotor yesithuthuthu sikagesi sase-china, indlela yokuqala imodi yokulawula inzwa ngesivinini se-zero motor nokuthi ungayishintsha kanjani imodi yokulawula isimo esiphusile ngokuzihlola mathupha isici seHholo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, uhlelo lwe-hardware kanye ne-algorithm yesofthiwe yakhelwe. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ikhombisa ukuthi uhlelo lokulawula izithuthuthu zikagesi oluklanyelwe lunengqondo futhi luyenzeka, futhi lunokusebenza okuphezulu.
Ukuhlinzeka ngesithuthuthu sikagesi esipholisa iyunithi yokushayela amandla ngaphandle kokuhlinzeka ngobuningi babalandeli bokupholisa. ISIXAZULULO: Esithuthuthwini sikagesi lapho ibhokisi lebhethri elingu-19 eligcina ibhethri elingu-9 lilahlwa ngaphansi kwendawo ye-footrest S futhi umthombo kagesi ophuma ebhethrini 9 unikezwa injini ekhiqiza amandla engu-16 ukuze uhambe ngeyunithi yokushayela amandla engu-18, i-power drive unit 18 ixhunywe engalweni yokushwibeka 13 ezungeza i-pivot shaft 12, imbobo yesingeniso somoya engu-20a kanye nembobo yokukhipha umoya engu-20b yokupholisa ibhethri 9 kwakhiwa ebhokisini lebhethri 19, isiphephetha-moya esipholile esingu-22 esimunca umoya ibhokisi lebhethri elingu-19 lisuka endaweni yokukhipha umoya engu-20b kanye nokuthumela umoya endaweni yokushayela amandla iyunithi engu-18 kuyanikezwa, futhi ifeni epholile engu-22 ilahlwa ngemva kwembobo yokukhipha umoya engu-20b yebhokisi lebhethri 19 futhi eduze ne-pivot shaft.
Isithuthuthu sikagesi sase-china sinikezwa ngendlela yokuthi ngisho noma iyunithi yokushayela amandla igibele ingalo yokushwiba, kunzima ukuthi umthwalo usetshenziswe kuzintambo ezixhunywe kuyunithi yokushayela amandla. Esithuthuthwini sikagesi lapho i-PDU kanye nenjini ekhiqiza amandla esetshenziswayo ixhunywe engalweni ejikajikayo ejikisa i-pivot shaft, futhi ugesi ophuma emabhethrini unikezwa ngebhokisi le-contactor ku-PDU, lapho ugesi uhlinzekwa khona. Injini ekhiqiza amandla, izingxenye ezijikelezayo ezinwebeka ngokufana ne-pivot shaft zinikezwa engxenyeni yemigqa yokuphumayo exhuma ibhokisi le-contactor ne-PDU ukuze kuvunyelwe i-torsion ukuthi imunce ukunyakaza kokushwiba kwengalo yokushwiba.
Imodeli yokusetshenziswa iveza isithuthuthu sikagesi esinejeneretha yamandla kagesi kaphethiloli, esakhiwe uhlaka lwesithuthuthu, amasondo, isibambo, injini yamanje eqondile, njll., lapho, i-rotor yangaphandle ye-motor yamanje eqondile ihlelwa esondweni. ihabhu, kanye nenjini kaphethiloli isetshenziselwa ukushayela ijeneretha ukuhlinzeka ugesi emotweni nge-rectifier, noma ugesi unganikezwa injini nge-accumulator ngomshini olawula ingcindezi (ukulawula), futhi ngalokho, amasondo ashayelwa. ukugijima. Lapho injini ye-petroli isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza ugesi wokugijima, imodeli yokusetshenziswa ingasetshenziselwa isivinini esikhulu sokugijima ibanga elide, umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo ungathuthukiswa, futhi okwamanje, i-accumulator ingakhokhiswa; lapho i-accumulator isetshenziselwa ukuhlinzeka ngogesi wokugijima, imodeli yensiza ingasetshenziselwa ukuqhutshwa kukamasipala ebangeni elifushane, futhi umsindo nokungcoliswa kwegesi okulahlwayo kungagwenywa.
Indawo yotshani yaseTibet iye yaba nezinguquko ezinkulu eminyakeni yamuva nje.Ezinye zazo ziyabonakala, isibonelo, amadlelo abiyelwe, izakhiwo zezitini, imigwaqo egandayiwe, amathrekhi ezimoto, izintambo zikagesi, imibhoshongo yocingo, nokunye.Ezinye zazo azibonakali, isibonelo, isimo sengqondo semizulane mayelana nokwelusa kanye nokufuya ngaphansi kwesizinda somnotho wemakethe. Inhloso yaleli phepha ukuhlaziya imithelela yobuchwepheshe ekushintsheni kwezenhlalo namasiko endaweni yaseTibet emizulane ngamacala amabili abantu ngabanye. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbhali unethemba lokuxoxa ngezinye izindaba zihlobene nezifundo zobuchwepheshe emkhakheni we-anthropological.
Izidingo zezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi zokukhipha umoya omncane kanye nokusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli ziyakhula unyaka nonyaka. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinjini ezizosetshenziswa ezithuthuthu zidinga ukuhlinzeka ngokukhipha okuphezulu kanye nokusabela okusheshayo ukuhlangabezana nesifiso somsebenzisi. Ukuze ubone ukusetshenziswa kukaphethiloli okuphansi kuyilapho ugcina ukusebenza okuphezulu, kuyadingeka ukuqonda kahle ukuhlukahluka komjikelezo ngesikhathi sokusha kanye nomthelela wesistimu yomjovo ekulawuleni uphethiloli ngezikhathi zesikhashana.
Ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhiqizwa kwamagesi abamba ukushisa ahlobene nokusetshenziswa kwezimoto, izimoto eziyingxubevange nezimoto zikagesi zikhishwe futhi zasabalala emhlabeni. Mayelana nesithuthuthu, izithuthuthu zikagesi zohlobo lwe-scooter sezithengisiwe. Kusabalele ikakhulukazi eChina. Kodwa-ke, endaweni yokufaka ibhethri yesithuthuthu incane, ububanzi bufushane uma kuqhathaniswa nezimoto zikagesi, ukuthuthukiswa kokonga amandla nebhethri kubalulekile. Isidingo sesithuthuthu sikagesi sase-china yinjini esebenza kahle kakhulu esebenza ngesivinini esiguquguqukayo. Imoto kazibuthe ehlala njalo ingasebenza ngamandla alinganiselwe ngokusebenza kahle okuphezulu kodwa ukusebenza kahle kuphansi ngesivinini esikhulu. Kuleli phepha, sethula amasu amasha okuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle futhi siphakamise ukucaciswa kwemoto yezithuthuthu zikagesi.
Ucwaningo ngokuziphatha kwezokuvakasha kwezakhamizi zasemadolobheni ezihola kancane e-China luncane. Inhloso eyinhloko yalolu cwaningo ukuhlola izici zohambo kanye nezici zochungechunge lohambo lweholo eliphansi laseChina lasemadolobheni. Kusetshenziswa idatha yokuvakasha eqoqwe edolobheni (idolobha elisezingeni lesifunda empumalanga ye-China), Ukuhlaziywa Kwezinyathelo Ezimbili Kwenziwa ukuze kuhlonzwe abantu abahola kancane kusukela kudathasethi. Kutholakala ukuthi abantu basemadolobheni abahola kancane bahamba kancane kunabangenayo imali encane. Isithuthuthu sikagesi saseChina esinophethiloli wamandla kagesi generator.Bavame ukwenza uhambo olumbalwa kanye nebanga elifushane. Kodwa-ke, ubude besikhathi sohambo lwabahola kancane bude kunalabo abangaholi kancane. Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi umuntu ohola kancane wenza uhambo lwakhe oluningi ukuze enze imisebenzi yokuziphilisa, njengokuya emsebenzini noma esikoleni. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ingxenye enkulu yalo lonke uhambo olwenziwa abahola kancane lwenziwa ngokuhamba ngezinyawo, isithuthuthu sikagesi sase-china, nebhayisikili. Inombolo yochungechunge lohambo lwabantu abahola kancane ngokuvamile incane, futhi ubude bochungechunge lohambo olushiwo bufushane. Okokugcina imithelela yenqubomgomo iyanconywa kumongo wokuhlinzeka ngesevisi yokulingana kwezokuthutha ukuze kuthuthukiswe.
Eminyakeni yamuva nje, njengoba amadolobha amaningi ebeka umkhawulo emithethweni ehlobene nezithuthuthu e-China, amabhayisikili kagesi ngenxa yokungabizi, okulula ukuwaqhuba, ukonga amandla nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, asetshenziswa abantu bayo yonke iminyaka. Manje, amabhayisikili kagesi abe enye yezindlela zokuthutha eziyinhloko, emuva kwamabhayisikili kagesi "njengesihlalo sengane" ukuthwala ukuhamba kwezingane endaweni evamile, izingozi zomgwaqo nazo zivamile. Ngokusetshenziswa kabanzi kwesihlalo somntwana sebhayisikili likagesi kusukela ekuphepheni nasekunethezekeni kwakho kokubili ukuhlaziya kwaphetha: lezi zakhiwo izihlalo ezihlukahlukene zinikeza ukuphepha nokuvikeleka kwezingane zabo kulinganiselwe kakhulu. Isakhiwo sesihlalo sokuphepha sengane esilandelayo, amandla, nokwenza ucwaningo olunzulu, amazinga ekhwalithi nezindlela zokulawula ikhwalithi.
Ukuhlala emthethweni, nomthetho unokuphila. Ukuphila “ngeso lomthetho” kuyindlela yobungcweti yokuthola ukuzwana nempilo nomthetho. No Motorcycle and Electric Vehicles(NMEV) isilinganiso sesikhashana esisekelwe ekusebenziseni ukuphatha ukuze uthole imiphumela esheshayo. I-Italso ayikwazi ukuhambisana nokucaciswa komthetho wokuphatha futhi yanelise ukuphatha okusemthethweni kwesimanje. angeke ivumelane nombono womthetho wesimanje wokuphatha futhi ayinalutho olufana nendlela yesimanje yokuthuthukiswa kwezomthetho. Kunzima ukubona izinto njengomthetho wokuphatha ongokwesayensi nonengqondo, futhi kuhlukile kumodeli yokucabanga yokuphathwa kwenkonzo yesimanje. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ayikwazi ukuzuza impumelelo yethiyori kusisekelo sendabuko. Ingakwazi kuphela ukusebenzisa imodeli yokucabanga yendabuko ngaphandle kokuqamba okusha kanye nokuthuthukiswa komthetho wesimanje kanye nomthetho wokuphatha womthetho.
I-electromagnetic comppatibility inkomba yemvelo ebalulekile kanye nenkomba yokuphepha.Iziphathimandla ezihlobene zifunda futhi zisungula izinga lokusebenza okunqanda ukuphazamiseka kwezimoto.Ngokwemiphumela yokuhlolwa, ukusebenza kwezithuthuthu zaseShayina ezimelene nokuphazamiseka kumbi kakhulu. imboni yezithuthuthu kufanele inake ukuhambisana kwe-electromagnetic, ihlose ukuthuthukisa imvelo nokusebenza kokuphepha kwezithuthuthu ezenziwe eChina.
Phakathi nenkathi ebalulekile yokugqugquzelwa komhlaba wonke kokuvikelwa kwemvelo nokonga amandla ekhabhoni ephansi, amabhayisikili noma izithuthuthu zikagesi bezilokhu zigitshelwa ngokwandayo. Ngamandla elanga njengamaphaneli, ishaja yeselula efakwe esithuthuthu sikagesi iklanywe ngokusekelwe kusilawuli esincane. Ishaja esebenzisa isilawuli seluphu evaliwe ibonakala ngokunemba kokulawula okuphezulu kanye nekhono lokuzilawula, futhi inokusebenziseka okuthile namathemba emakethe.
Ngokumenyezelwa kwezidingo zobuchwepheshe zesithuthuthu sikagesi kanye ne-moped.Abakhiqizi abaningi bezithuthuthu zendabuko baqala ukuqhuba i-RD yezithuthuthu zikagesi zase-china.Nokho, izinkinga eziningi zabakhiqizi nazo zivezwa phakathi nezinqubo zabo ze-RD.Abanye abakhiqizi bahlanganisa ngokuqondile izithuthuthu zikagesi nge- izingxenye zezingxenye zezithuthuthu ezivamile.Futhi abanye abakhiqizi abayiqondi kahle indinganiso entsha.Zombili lezi zibangela ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo engafanelekile.
Ngokuphenya ideshibhodi yesithuthuthu sikagesi ekhona, izinkinga eziyinhloko ezikhona emikhiqizweni yamanje zahlaziywa futhi zafingqwa. Kuhlanganiswe nethiyori ehlobene yobunjiniyela bomuntu, leli phepha lichaza ukubaluleka kokuklama isixhumi esibonakalayo somshini womuntu. Imingcele ehlobene kanye nezindinganiso zokuklama zikagesi Ideshibhodi yesithuthuthu yomklamo owenziwe umuntu itholakala ngamarounds amabili abesifazane abasebenzisa isithuthuthu sikagesi njengesibonelo sokuhlaziya ideshibhodi yesithuthuthu sikagesi ukuze uthole isixhumi esibonakalayo somshini womuntu. Ekugcineni ngokusekelwe kulokhu, isixhumi esibonakalayo sedeshibhodi yesithuthuthu sikagesi siklanywe.
Inkinga okufanele ixazululwe: ukuthuthukisa ikhono lokuhlanganisa lengxenye ngayinye kanye nokuzinza kokuqondisa kwemoto ngesithuthuthu sikagesi. Imoto kagesi Ozimele abayinhloko besokunxele nesokudla kanye namafreyimu e-pivot Angakwesokunxele nangakwesokudla anwebeka aye phansi kusukela ekupheleni kohlaka ngalunye oluyinhlokoUhlaka oluphezulu olunohlaka oluphansi oluya luqonde phezulu ngaphansi kozimele ngamunye oyinhloko.Uhlaka olungaphansi olunwebeka luye emuva lusuka ekugcineni oluphansi lohlaka oluphansi.Uhlaka oluphansi olunohlaka. Ibhethri lokuhlinzeka ngamandla kagesi emoteni kagesiIkesi lebhethri lezindlu zebhethri.Ifakwe uzimele ophansi. Uhlaka olungaphezulu luxhunywe ngokususwa kuhlaka olungaphezulu Ikesi lebhethri. Kunamathiselwe kufreyimu engaphezulu ukuze ingxenye eseceleni imbozwe ngefreyimu ngayinye eyinhloko.Injini kagesi Ilahlwa ngemuva kohlaka oluphansi.Igxunyekwe kuhlaka olungaphansi.
Isexwayiso esixwayisa ngokuncipha komfutho we-hydraulic emhubheni kawoyela siyavinjelwa ekuphumeni lapho umfutho we-hydraulic wehliswa ngaphansi kwesimo lapho iphampu ye-hydraulic ingasebenzi esimweni esijwayelekile. Isithuthuthu sikagesi sihlanganisa iphampu yamanzi, indawo kawoyela, isigaba sokuqala sokubona ingcindezi ye-hydraulic ukuze kutholwe ingcindezi ye-hydraulic ephaseji likawoyela, ingxenye yokunquma umfutho we-hydraulic (isinyathelo S102) sokunquma ukuthi inani le-hydraulic pressure elitholwe isigaba sokuqala sokuthola umfutho we-hydraulic singaphansi kwevelu elivumelekile lokuqala, isigaba sokunquma isimo sepompo sokunquma ukuthi umyalo wokwenza kusebenze uyaphuma yini kupompo ye-hydraulic, kanye nesigaba sokukhipha isixwayiso sokukhipha isignali yesixwayiso ngokomphumela we ukuzimisela okwenziwa yisigaba sokunquma ingcindezi ye-hydraulic kanye nomphumela wokunqunywa okwenziwa yisigaba sokunquma isimo sepompo.
Kunikezwe isithuthuthu sikagesi esihlanganisa ibhethri neshaja yokushajwa ebhodini kwebhethri, futhi esikwazi ukwazisa ngokwethembeka umsebenzisi ngokushayisana kokushaja. Isithuthuthu sikagesi sihlanganisa ibhethri; ishaja kagesi yokushaja ibhethri; isilawuli ; inkumbulo; iswishi eyinhloko yokukhipha imiyalo yokuvula/ukuvala isilawuli; inkinobho yokuqala yokukhipha umyalo wokuqalisa isithuthuthu sikagesi; kanye ne-throttle ukukhipha umyalo wokuhambisa isithuthuthu sikagesi. Isithuthuthu sikagesi saseChina esinophethiloli wamandla kagesi generator.Uma isilawuli sithola ukuthi kukhona okungavamile ngesikhathi ibhethri ishajwa, ulwazi lokushajwa okungavamile lugcinwa kumemori . Uma sikhanyisa, isilawuli sikhubaza isithuthuthu sikagesi ngisho noma umyalo wokushintsha isilawuli ukhishwa kuswishi eyinhloko futhi umsebenzi wenziwa emshinini wokuqalisa kanye ne-throttle, inqobo nje uma ulwazi lokushaja okungavamile.
Kwaklanywa isistimu yokuthungela ugesi yesithuthuthu ukuze ivikele ukwebiwa. Uhlelo luqukethe isilawuli kude, isilawuli esiyinhloko, inzwa kanye nenhlabamkhosi. Idivayisi yokuvimbela ukweba kanye nesibasi semoto kagesi kuhlanganiswe kusilawuli esikhulu, esilawula ukuthungela kwesithuthuthu ngemva kokuba ikhodi yaso ibonwe isofthiwe ethile. Lapho ivutha, isignali idluliswa ngo-30～50° CA ngaphambi kwesikhathi kunezinhlelo ze-CDI ezivamile. Bese, ngosizo lwesoftware, ilinganisa isikhathi sokuthungela. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa ibonise ukuthi le sistimu isebenze ngokuzinza nangokuthembekile ngokumelana okuqinile nokuphazamiseka okuvela endaweni.
Isithuthuthu sikagesi sakhiwe ngensimbi ye-welding sheet. I-motor isethwe ngobude bese ihlanganiswa no-gearbox uwonke futhi ifakwe engxenyeni engezansi yesithuthuthu nomoya uhlaselwa. I-propeller shaft kanye ne-crank ku-coaxial-line. I-motor kanye ne-crank ingakwazi ukushayela ngokuhlukana noma ngokuhlanganyela isondo langemuva futhi amasondo angaphambili nangemuva anikezwe i-damper. Isithuthuthu sinezinzuzo kanye nokucwebezela, ukulula kokulungisa nokuhlala kahle.
