Ama-gearbox anezinhlelo eziningi ezihlukene, njengakuma-wind turbines. Ama-gearbox ayingxenye ebalulekile yemishini esetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-wind turbines. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukudlulisa amandla akhiqizwa isondo lomoya ngaphansi kwesenzo somoya ku-generator futhi ayenze ithole isivinini esihambisanayo.
Ngokuvamile, ijubane lesondo lomoya liphansi kakhulu, okukude nejubane elidingwa yi-generator ukukhiqiza ugesi. Kumele itholakale ngomphumela owanda ngejubane wegear gearbox, ngakho-ke u-gearbox ubizwa nangokuthi ibhokisi elinyusa ijubane.
Ibhokisi legiya lithwala amandla avela esondweni lomoya namandla okusabela akhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokuhanjiswa kwegiya, futhi kufanele libe nokuqina okwanele ukuze limelane nesenzo samandla netorque, livimbele ukuguquguquka nokuqinisekisa ikhwalithi yokudlulisela. Ukwakhiwa kwezindlu ze-gearbox kufanele kwenziwe ngokuhambisana nezidingo ze-wind turbine power transmission layout, izimo zokucubungula nokuhlanganisa, kanye nokuhlola nokugcinwa kalula. Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwemboni yama-gearbox, ziyanda izimboni nezinkampani ezahlukene ezisebenzisa ama-gearbox, futhi ziyanda izinkampani ezithuthukile futhi zakhula embonini yama-gearbox.
Ibhokisi legiya lisuselwa kumgomo we-modular design wesakhiwo seyunithi, esinciphisa kakhulu izinhlobo zezingxenye nezingxenye, futhi ilungele ukukhiqizwa okukhulu nokukhetha okuvumelana nezimo. Amagiya e-spiral bevel namagiya we-helical we-reducer enziwe ngensimbi ye-alloy yekhwalithi ephezulu ngokungcwatshwa nokucisha. Ukuqina kobuso bezinyo kuphezulu njengokungu-60±2HRC, futhi ukunemba kokugaya kwezinyo kuphezulu njengo-5-6.
Amabheringi wezingxenye zokudlulisela angamabheringi aziwayo asekhaya noma amabheringi angenisiwe, futhi izimvu zamanzi ziyizimpawu zamafutha omzimba; ukwakheka kwebhokisi lokumunca, indawo enkulu yekhabethe kanye nefeni elikhulu; ukunciphisa ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa nomsindo womshini wonke, futhi uthuthukise ukuthembeka kokusebenza, Amandla okudlulisa ayanda. Ingabona shaft efanayo, i-shaft engakwesokudla, ibhokisi elijwayelekile nelivundlile. Izindlela zokufaka zifaka phakathi i-motor connection flange ne-shaft input; umphini wokukhipha ungakhipha ezingeni elifanele noma ngokuvundlile. Shaft Solid futhi kushaft eziyize, flange uhlobo okukhipha kushaft ayatholakala. U-gearbox ungahlangabezana nezidingo zokufakwa kwesikhala esincane, futhi unganikezwa ngokuya ngezidingo zamakhasimende. Ivolumu yayo ingu-1/2 incane kunaleyo ka-gearbox wamazinyo athambile, isisindo sayo sincishiswe ngesigamu, impilo yenkonzo yayo inyuswa ngama-3 kuye kuma-4 times, futhi umthamo wayo wokuthwala ukhuphuke ngama-8 kuya kuma-10 times. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphrinteni nasekupakisheni imishini, imishini enezinhlangothi ezintathu, imishini yokuvikela imvelo, imishini yokudlulisa, imishini yamakhemikhali, imishini yezimayini zensimbi, imishini yensimbi nensimbi, imishini yokuxuba, imishini yokwakha umgwaqo, imboni kashukela, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi, izitebhisi ezihambayo ikheshi, ukwakhiwa kwemikhumbi, ukukhanya okuphezulu kwamandla amakhulu, isilinganiso sejubane eliphezulu, izikhathi ezinjenge-field yezimboni, insimu yokwenza iphepha, imboni ye-metallurgical, ukwelashwa kwendle, imboni yezinto zokwakha, imishini yokuphakamisa, umugqa wokuhambisa, umugqa womhlangano, njll. isilinganiso esihle sokwenza intengo futhi silungele ukufaniswa kwemishini yasendaweni.
I-gearbox inemisebenzi elandelayo:
1. Ukusheshisa nokusheshisa, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi u-gearbox wejubane oguqukayo.
2. Shintsha indlela yokuhambisa. Isibonelo, singasebenzisa amagiya womkhakha amabili ukudlulisa amandla ngokuya komunye umphini ojikelezayo.
3. Shintsha i-torque ejikelezayo. Ngaphansi kwesimo samandla esifanayo, amagiya ajikeleza ngokushesha, bese kuba omncane torque eshafeni, okuphambene nalokho.
Umsebenzi we-Clutch: Singahlukanisa injini nomthwalo ngokuhlukanisa amagiya amabili asekuqaleni anemeshi. Njengokubamba ibhuleki njalonjalo.
5. Ukwabiwa kwamandla. Isibonelo, singasebenzisa injini eyodwa ukushayela imiphini yezigqila eminingi kushaft eyinhloko ka-gearbox, ukuze sifeze ukusebenza kwenjini eyodwa eshayela imithwalo eminingi.
Ngidinga amafutha angakanani ka-gearbox?
Uwoyela we-Gearbox uwumkhiqizo kawoyela ogcina isistimu ye-gearshift ihlanzekile, futhi ingadlala indima ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwebhokisi likagiya nokwelula impilo yesisetshenziswa sokudlulisa.
Uketshezi oludluliswayo lungasetshenziswa kuma-automatic transmissions emakethe. Eqinisweni, ukuklama kokudlulisela okuzenzakalelayo ngakunye kunezidingo ezahlukene zobuchwepheshe. Ngisho noma uhlobo olufanayo lokudlulisa lulungiselelwe kumamodeli ahlukene, i-torque yayo, isisindo, nesivinini , Isakhiwo, njll. izohluka, ngakho-ke ifektri yasekuqaleni inowoyela wayo okhethekile okhethiwe. Futhi amafutha okudlulisela ahlukene angenye yezizathu ezithinta ikhwalithi yokuguquguquka.
Umehluko obaluleke kakhulu umehluko ohlelweni lwe-friction. I-HFM-ATF inama-molecule kawoyela acolekile kanye nekhono eliphezulu lokulwa nokugunda. Esimeni se-semi-clutched noma ngesikhathi sokubopha, ifilimu kawoyela esebenza ebusweni bezinto zokungqubuzana ingadlala indima. Ishibilikela esimweni sokumiswa esisebenza kahle kakhulu, esinganqanda umthelela onamandla wesikhashana, yenze inhlanganisela ibe bushelelezi futhi i-shift ibe bushelelezi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-athomu kawoyela athambile anciphisa kakhulu i-valve yokunamathela futhi enze umzimba we-valve usebenze ngokushelela.
Uwoyela odluliswayo uwumkhiqizo kawoyela ogcina isistimu ye-gearshift ihlanzekile. Isebenzela ukugcoba nokwelula impilo yokudlulisela. Inomphumela osebenza kahle kakhulu wokugcoba ngisho namazinga okushisa aphansi futhi inciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamafutha ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima zokusebenza. Ngokwesakhiwo esihlukile sokudlulisa, uwoyela wokudlulisela uhlukaniswe uwoyela ozishintshayo kanye namafutha okuhambisa ngesandla.
Kungani ngidinga ukushintsha uwoyela wokudlulisela njalo?
Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi amafutha okuhambisa okuzenzakalelayo ashiwo umenzi kufanele ashintshwe lapho ushintsha uwoyela. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukwakheka kwangaphakathi, izingxenye zokungqubuzana kanye nezingxenye zokuvala zama-othomathikhi ahlukene azohluka. Uwoyela wefekthri wangempela usekelwe ekudluliseni Isakhiwo nezinto zethangi zenziwe ngokukhethekile, futhi ezinye izinhlobo zamafutha zingase zingafaneleki ngisho noma ikhwalithi iyinhle.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amanye amafutha amadala azohlala ephaseji lika-oyela lika-gearbox kanye ne-torque converter lapho ushintsha uwoyela we-gearbox. Uma kufakwa amafutha ahlukene, ngemuva kokuthi kuxutshwe amafutha amabili ahlukene ku-gearbox ozishintshayo, Kungase kunciphise ukusebenza kukawoyela ozishintshayo, kubangele umonakalo omkhulu emshinini ozishintshayo ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle njengokugcotshwa okungekuhle noma ukusebenza ngendlela engavamile kwe-automatic transmission.
Uwoyela wegiya kufanele ube nokusetshenziswa okuhle kokulwa nokugqokwa, ukumelana nomthwalo kanye ne-viscosity efanelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele futhi ibe nokusimama okuhle kwe-oxidation eshisayo, izakhiwo zokulwa namagwebu, izakhiwo zokuhlukanisa amanzi kanye nezakhiwo zokulwa nokugqwala. Njengoba umthwalo wegiya uvamise ukuba ngaphezu kwama-megapascals (MPa) angu-490, futhi umthwalo wamazinyo we-hyperbolic uphezulu njengo-2942MPa, inani likawoyela wegiya libalelwa ku-6% kuya ku-8% wawo wonke amafutha okugcoba. I-Gear oil ingamafutha okugcoba asebenza kahle kakhulu.
Uwoyela wegiya usekelwe ikakhulukazi kuwoyela wesisekelo kawoyela wokugcoba uwoyela wokugcoba noma uwoyela wokwenziwa wokugcoba, futhi unguwoyela wokugcoba obalulekile olungiselelwe ngokwengeza i-ejenti evimbela ukugqokwa kwengcindezi eyedlulele kanye ne-oyiliness agent. Isetshenziswa kumagiya ahlukahlukene ukuvikela ukuguga kwamazinyo, ukuklwebheka, ukucwiliswa, njll., ukuze inwebe impilo yayo yesevisi futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokudluliswa kwamandla. Umthwalo we-hyperbolic tooth surface uphezulu njengo-2942MPa. Ukuvimbela ukuguga nokuhuzuka kwendawo yezinyo okubangelwa ukuphuka kwefilimu kawoyela, ama-anti-wear agent acindezela kakhulu avame ukungezwa emafutheni egiya, futhi izithasiselo zesulfure-phosphorus noma zesulfure-phosphorus-nitrogen zivame ukusetshenziswa.
Uwoyela wegiye ngokuvamile udinga izakhiwo eziyisi-6 ezilandelayo:
1. I-viscosity efanelekile ne-viscosity-temperature enhle, i-viscosity ukusebenza okuyisisekelo kukawoyela wamagiya. I-viscosity inkulu, ifilimu kawoyela wokuthambisa owenziwe mkhulu, futhi amandla okulwa nomthwalo mkhulu kakhulu.
2. Ukucindezela okwanele ngokweqile nokugqoka ukumelana
Ingcindezi eyedlulele nezakhiwo zokulwa nokugqoka yizona zinto ezibaluleke kakhulu nezimpawu ezisemqoka zamafutha egiya.
Kuya ngokusebenza kokuvimbela indawo yamazinyo ekugqokeni, ekuklwebheni nasekuhlanganiseni ngesikhathi sokunyakaza.
Ukusebenza kokumelana nokugqokwa nokumelana nomthwalo Ngenxa yokuthi umthwalo wegiya uvamise ukuba ngaphezu kuka-490MPa, futhi umthwalo wamazinyo we-hyperbolic uphezulu njengo-2942MPa, ukuze kuvinjwe ukugqabuka kwefilimu kawoyela ukuthi kubangele ukuguga nokuklwebheka kwamazinyo, i-anti pressure. - ama-agent okugqoka ngokuvamile anezelwa emafutheni egiya. Esikhathini esidlule, uhlobo lwesulfure-chlorine, uhlobo lwesulfure-phosphorus-chlorine, uhlobo lwesulfure-chlorine-phosphorus-zinc, uhlobo lwesulfure-lead kanye ne-sulfur-phosphorus-lead type additives zazivame ukusetshenziswa. I-Sulfur-phosphorus noma izithasiselo zohlobo lwesulfure-phosphorus-nitrogen zivame ukusetshenziswa.
3. Ukudilizwa okuhle
I-emulsification kanye nokonakala kukawoyela wamagiya oxhumana namanzi kuzokuthinta kakhulu ukwakheka kwefilimu kawoyela futhi kudale imihuzuko nokugqoka.
4. Ukuqina okuhle kwe-oxidation nokuqina okushisayo
Ukuzinza okuhle kwe-oxidation okuqinisekisiwe kuqinisekisa impilo yenkonzo kawoyela.
5. Impahla enhle elwa namagwebu
I-foam ekhiqiziwe ayikwazi ukunyamalala ngokushesha, okuzothinta ukwakheka kwefilimu yamafutha ku-gear mesh. I-foam ehlanganisiwe izonciphisa amafutha okusebenza wangempela futhi ithinte ukuchithwa kokushisa.
6. Ukugqwala okuhle nokumelana nokugqwala
Ukugqwala nokugqwala akuqedi nje kuphela izici zejiyomethri kanye nesimo sokuthambisa segiya, kepha imikhiqizo yokugqwala nokugqwala izophinde idale ukuwohloka kukawoyela wamagiya, okuholele kumbuthano ononya.
Uwoyela wegiye kufanele futhi ube nezinye izinto, njengokunamathela nokuqina kweshear. Njengamanje, izithasiselo eziningi zengcindezi ezisetshenzisiwe ezisetshenziswa kumafutha wamagiya asezingeni eliphakathi nelinomthwalo omkhulu wezimboni ezweni lami ikakhulukazi ziluhlobo lwesulfure-phosphorus futhi izinga lekhwalithi yemikhiqizo efanayo yangaphandle liyaqhathaniswa.
Izimo zokusebenza:
Indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwamagiya incane kakhulu, ukuthintana nomugqa ngokuyisisekelo, futhi kukhona ukungqubuzana nokugingqika okushibilikayo phakathi nokunyakaza. Ngale ndlela, izimo zokusebenza zikawoyela wamagiya zihluke kakhulu kwamanye amafutha okugcoba. Ngenxa yendawo encane yokuxhumana phakathi kwamagiya, ingcindezi eyithwalayo inkulu. Ingcindezi engaphezulu yezinyo yamagiya anciphisayo eminye imishini esindayo ingafinyelela ku-400-1 000 MPa. Izimo zokusetshenziswa kwamagiya e-hyperbolic ekudlulisweni kwezimoto zifuna kakhulu futhi umthwalo usinda kakhulu. Ingcindezi ezingxenyeni zokuxhumana ingafinyelela kuma-MPA ayi-1000-4 000. Ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu kangaka, uwoyela othanjiswayo ukhanywa kalula phakathi kwamazinyo, futhi kulula ukudala imihuzuko nokugqokwa ebusweni bamazinyo. Ngalesi sizathu, uwoyela wamagiye kufanele ube nokusebenza kokugcina indawo yamazinyo isesimweni sokuthambisa kwemingcele kanye ne-elastohydrodynamic lubrication ngaphansi komthwalo omkhulu.
I-viscosity efanele inkomba eyinhloko yekhwalithi kawoyela wamagiya. I-viscosity ephezulu inomthamo omkhulu wokuthwala umthwalo, kepha ukuphakama kakhulu kwe-viscosity nakho kuzoletha ubunzima ekujikelezeni i-lubrication, kukhuphule ukumelana nokunyakaza kwegiya, futhi kubangele ukushisa kudale ukulahleka kwamandla. Ngakho-ke, i-viscosity kufanele ifanele, ikakhulukazi kumafutha anama-antiwear agents asebenza ngokweqile. Ukusebenza kokumelana nomthwalo kwalawo mafutha kuncike kakhulu kuma-antiwear agents acindezelayo, futhi i-viscosity yamafutha anjalo akufanele ibe phezulu kakhulu. Kumele kube nokuqina okuhle kwe-oxidation ye-thermal, ukumelana nokugqoka okuhle, ukumelana nomthwalo, ukusebenza okuhle kwe-anti-foam, ukusebenza okuhle kwe-anti-emulsification, ukugqwala okuhle nokumelana nokugqwala, nokuqina okuhle kwe-shear.
umphumela:
(1) Gcoba uhlelo lokuhambisa, unciphise ukugqokwa kwamagiya nezinye izingxenye ezihambayo, uqinisekise ukuhamba okujwayelekile kohlelo lokudlulisa, futhi welule impilo yenkonzo.
(2) Nciphisa ukungqubuzana nokudluliswa kokulahleka kwe-gear transmission servo, futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwemishini.
(3) Pholisa izingxenye zokudlulisa. Ukudluliswa kwamagiya, ngenxa yokungqubuzana kokuxhumana kwendawo yamazinyo, kuzokhiqiza ukushisa okuningi. Uma ingakhishwa ngesikhathi, izodala izinga lokushisa eliphezulu endaweni yezinyo. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kuzodala futhi ukwehliswa kwemali nokubophezeleka. Uwoyela wamagiya ngokuqhubekayo ususa ukushisa ngesikhathi senqubo yokusakazwa kokuthambisa, futhi uyikhipha emoyeni nangendlela yokudlulisela izindlu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwezingxenye zokudlulisa.
(4) Vimbela ukugqwala nokugqwala.
(5) Nciphisa umthelela wokuphakama kwamazinyo nomsindo wokudlulisa.
(6) Uwoyela wegiya unomphumela wokuwasha futhi ungaqhubeka ugeze ukungcola nezinhlayiya eziqinile ebusweni begiya.
ukusetshenziswa
1.Sheshisa futhi unciphise, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-variable speed gearbox.
2. Shintsha isiqondiso sokudlulisa, isibonelo, singasebenzisa amagiya amabili omkhakha ukuze sidlulisele amandla komunye umphini ozungezayo uqonde phezulu.
3. Shintsha i-torque ejikelezayo. Ngaphansi kwesimo samandla esifanayo, lapho ijubane legiya lishesha khona, iba yincane itorque ku-shaft, ngokuphambene nalokho.
4. Umsebenzi we-clutch: Singakwazi ukufeza inhloso yokuhlukanisa injini nomthwalo ngokuhlukanisa amagiya amabili anameshelwe ekuqaleni. Isibonelo, i-clutch ye-brake nokunye.
5. Ukusabalalisa amandla. Isibonelo, singasebenzisa injini eyodwa ukushayela izinsimbi zezigqila eziningi ku-gearbox main shaft, ukuze sibone umsebenzi wenjini eyodwa ukushayela imithwalo eminingi.
