kufanele kushintshwe kangaki u-gearbox oil?
Isikhathi sokushintsha kukawoyela nenkomba yokushintsha uwoyela kawoyela wamagiya ezimboni kuyinkinga eyinkimbinkimbi, ehlobene nesimo sokusebenza kwegiya, umthwalo wamagiya, uhlobo nekhwalithi kawoyela wamagiya, nokubaluleka kokuthambisa izingxenye emishini. Ngokuvamile, amabhokisi wamagiya asebenzisa uwoyela omncane angashintshwa njalo ngokuya ngesipiliyoni esisebenzayo. Isibonelo, abakhiqizi begiya laseMelika (i-AGMA) babeka ukuthi uwoyela kufanele ushintshwe kungakapheli izinyanga eziyisithupha ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile. Okokunciphisa okungenisiwe okungaxhumani ngqo namanzi, ibhukwana lomsebenzisi libeka ukuthi uwoyela kufanele ushintshwe usuke ku-6h uye ku-4000h. Ngenxa yezimo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene, ingahle ibe mfushane njengo-5000h futhi ibe ngu-2000h. Le mithethonqubo ngokuvamile iba nomshuwalense omkhulu.
Izinga likawoyela lingabukwa. Lapho izinga likawoyela libomvu futhi i-bai (ileveli ketshezi iphansi), idinga ukufakwa uphethiloli. Ngokuya ngokusebenza kanye nempahla yomkhiqizo, uvame ukuhlanzwa bese ushintshwa njalo ezinyangeni eziyisithupha. Uma uwoyela uphinde wagcwaliswa, kufanele uhlolwe njalo ngenyanga. , Ngokuya ngesimo sangempela.
Izinyathelo zokufaka esikhundleni:
1. Gqoka izingubo zomsebenzi ngobunono bese ulungisa amathuluzi;
2. Qondanisa bese ubeka isitsha sokwamukela uwoyela wemfucuza ngaphansi kwebhawodi yokukhipha uwoyela ezansi nenjini;
3. Khipha ikepisi lokugcwalisa uwoyela ngaphezulu kwenjini ngesandla;
4. Susa umshudo wokukhipha uwoyela wepani likawoyela bese uqala ukukhipha uwoyela wenjini wakudala;
5. Hlola ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini okunamathiselwe kwensimbi okungavamile kubhawodi wokukhipha uwoyela, bese ukhumbuza ikhasimende noma uphakamise isisombululo;
6. Hlanza imfucumfucu nokungcola ku-oyili wokukhipha uwoyela ngezicubu ezimunca uwoyela, bese ukusula kuhlanzekile;
7. Hlanganisa isihlungi esidala bese usula amabala kawoyela esihlalweni sesihlungi ngephepha lezicubu elimunca uwoyela;
8. Faka uwoyela wenjini eringini lokuhlunga lomshini omusha, bese ugcwalisa isihlungi somshini omusha ngamafutha wenjini entsha;
9. Faka futhi uqinise isihlungi esisha ngesandla, bese usiqinisa ngokushintshana kathathu kuye kwesine ngesihlungi sesihlungi;
10. Ngemuva kokuthi uwoyela wenjini endala ukhishwe ngokuphelele, sula amabala kawoyela azungeze itheku lokukhipha uwoyela bese ufaka ibhawodi kawoyela ebuyayo;
11. Sebenzisa ifaneli ehlanzekile ukugcwalisa uwoyela omusha ovela ethekwini lokugcwalisa uwoyela ngaphezulu kwenjini;
12. Ngemuva kokufaka ivolumu kawoyela elinganisiwe, linda imizuzu engu-3-5 ukukhipha isitifiketi sikawoyela ukuze uhlole, bese ulawula ivolumu kawoyela phakathi kwesikali esingenhla nesingezansi;
13. Sula isikebhe sokugcwalisa uwoyela senjini namabala kawoyela aseduze ngezicubu ezimunca uwoyela, ufake ikepisi lembobo kawoyela bese uyiqinisa;
14. Qala injini, hlola umfutho kawoyela, isihlungi somshini, umshudo wokukhipha uwoyela, njll. Ukuvuza kwamafutha negesi, bese ubheka ukuthi izimo zokusebenza zezinye izingxenye ezihlobene zivamile yini;
15. Ngemuva kokuthi injini ibilokhu idling imizuzu eyishumi nanhlanu kuya kwengu-5, khipha isitifiketi sikaphethiloli uhlole futhi.
Uwoyela wamagiye ikakhulukazi ubhekise kuwoyela wokuthambisa wokudlulisa ne-axle yangemuva. Kunokwehluka phakathi kwayo nenjini kawoyela ngokwezimo zokusetshenziswa, ukwakheka kwayo nokusebenza kwayo. Uwoyela wamagiye udlala indima yokugcoba amagiya namabhere, ukuvimbela ukugqwala nokugqwala, nokusiza amagiya ukuthi aqede ukushisa.
Uwoyela wamagiya wezimoto usetshenziswa ezindleleni zokudlulisa amagiya ezinjengamagiya wokuhamba ngezimoto, ukuhanjiswa, nama-axle wokushayela. Ngenxa yengcindezi ephezulu yendawo ngesikhathi sokudluliswa kwegiya, uwoyela wamagiye uhlinzeka ukuthambisa, ukulwa nokugqoka, ukupholisa, ukushabalalisa ukushisa, ukulwa nokugqwala nokulwa nokugqwala, ukuwasha kanye nokwehlisa amagiya. Umthelela womhlaba nomsindo kudlala indima ebalulekile.
Isingeniso:
Uwoyela wamagiye kufanele ube nokulwa okuhle nokungasebenzi kahle, okungamisi umthwalo kanye ne-viscosity efanelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele futhi ibe nokuqina okuhle kwe-oxidation ye-thermal, izakhiwo ezilwa namagwebu, izakhiwo zokuhlukanisa amanzi nezindawo ezilwa nokugqwala. Njengoba umthwalo wamagiya ngokuvamile ungaphezu kwama-490 MPa (MPa), futhi umthwalo ongaphezulu wamazinyo ongaphezulu uphakeme njengama-2942 MPa, inani lamafutha wamagiya alinganiselwa ku-6% kuya ku-8% wenani eliphelele lamafutha okugcoba. Uwoyela Gear uwoyela lubricating nge ukusebenza oncomekayo.
Uwoyela Gear ikakhulu kusekelwe petroleum lubricating uwoyela base uwoyela noma zokwenziwa ukuthambisa uwoyela, futhi kubalulekile uwoyela Lubricating olungiselelwe ngokungeza ingcindezi ngokweqile antiwear agent kanye oiliness ejenti. Isetshenziswa ekudlulisweni kwamagiya ahlukahlukene ukuvimbela ukugqokwa kwamazinyo, ukuklwebheka, ukuminyana, njll., Ukunweba impilo yenkonzo yayo nokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle kokudluliswa kwamandla. Umthwalo wendawo yamazinyo we-hyperbolic uphakeme njengo-2942MPa. Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukugqokwa nokulimala kobuso bezinyo obudalwe ukuqhekeka kwefilimu kawoyela, imishini yokulwa nengcindezi eyeqisayo ivame ukufakwa kumafutha egiya, futhi izithasiselo zesulfure-phosphorus noma isulfure-phosphorus-nitrogen zivame ukusetshenziswa.
Izimo zokusebenza:
Indawo yokuxhumana phakathi kwamagiya incane kakhulu, ukuthintana nomugqa ngokuyisisekelo, futhi kukhona ukungqubuzana nokugingqika okushibilikayo phakathi nokunyakaza. Ngale ndlela, izimo zokusebenza zikawoyela wamagiya zihluke kakhulu kwamanye amafutha okugcoba. Ngenxa yendawo encane yokuxhumana phakathi kwamagiya, ingcindezi eyithwalayo inkulu. Ingcindezi engaphezulu yezinyo yamagiya anciphisayo eminye imishini esindayo ingafinyelela ku-400-1 000 MPa. Izimo zokusetshenziswa kwamagiya e-hyperbolic ekudlulisweni kwezimoto zifuna kakhulu futhi umthwalo usinda kakhulu. Ingcindezi ezingxenyeni zokuxhumana ingafinyelela kuma-MPA ayi-1000-4 000. Ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu kangaka, uwoyela othanjiswayo ukhanywa kalula phakathi kwamazinyo, futhi kulula ukudala imihuzuko nokugqokwa ebusweni bamazinyo. Ngalesi sizathu, uwoyela wamagiye kufanele ube nokusebenza kokugcina indawo yamazinyo isesimweni sokuthambisa kwemingcele kanye ne-elastohydrodynamic lubrication ngaphansi komthwalo omkhulu.
I-viscosity efanele inkomba eyinhloko yekhwalithi kawoyela wamagiya. I-viscosity ephezulu inomthamo omkhulu wokuthwala umthwalo, kepha ukuphakama kakhulu kwe-viscosity nakho kuzoletha ubunzima ekujikelezeni i-lubrication, kukhuphule ukumelana nokunyakaza kwegiya, futhi kubangele ukushisa kudale ukulahleka kwamandla. Ngakho-ke, i-viscosity kufanele ifanele, ikakhulukazi kumafutha anama-antiwear agents asebenza ngokweqile. Ukusebenza kokumelana nomthwalo kwalawo mafutha kuncike kakhulu kuma-antiwear agents acindezelayo, futhi i-viscosity yamafutha anjalo akufanele ibe phezulu kakhulu. Kumele kube nokuqina okuhle kwe-oxidation ye-thermal, ukumelana nokugqoka okuhle, ukumelana nomthwalo, ukusebenza okuhle kwe-anti-foam, ukusebenza okuhle kwe-anti-emulsification, ukugqwala okuhle nokumelana nokugqwala, nokuqina okuhle kwe-shear.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izidingo zokusebenza, njengokushisa okushisa okuphansi okuhle, ukuzivumelanisa nezinto zokuvala, ukuzinza kwesitoreji, uwoyela wamagiya avulekile nawo udinga ukunamathela, njll.
umphumela:
(1) Gcoba uhlelo lokuhambisa, unciphise ukugqokwa kwamagiya nezinye izingxenye ezihambayo, uqinisekise ukuhamba okujwayelekile kohlelo lokudlulisa, futhi welule impilo yenkonzo.
(2) Nciphisa ukungqubuzana nokudluliswa kokulahleka kwe-gear transmission servo, futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kwemishini.
(3) Pholisa izingxenye zokudlulisa. Ukudluliswa kwamagiya, ngenxa yokungqubuzana kokuxhumana kwendawo yamazinyo, kuzokhiqiza ukushisa okuningi. Uma ingakhishwa ngesikhathi, izodala izinga lokushisa eliphezulu endaweni yezinyo. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kuzodala futhi ukwehliswa kwemali nokubophezeleka. Uwoyela wamagiya ngokuqhubekayo ususa ukushisa ngesikhathi senqubo yokusakazwa kokuthambisa, futhi uyikhipha emoyeni nangendlela yokudlulisela izindlu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwezingxenye zokudlulisa.
(4) Vimbela ukugqwala nokugqwala.
(5) Nciphisa umthelela wokuphakama kwamazinyo nomsindo wokudlulisa.
(6) Uwoyela wegiya unomphumela wokuwasha futhi ungaqhubeka ugeze ukungcola nezinhlayiya eziqinile ebusweni begiya.
Uwoyela wegiye ngokuvamile udinga izakhiwo eziyisi-6 ezilandelayo:
1. I-viscosity efanelekile ne-viscosity-temperature enhle, i-viscosity ukusebenza okuyisisekelo kukawoyela wamagiya. I-viscosity inkulu, ifilimu kawoyela wokuthambisa owenziwe mkhulu, futhi amandla okulwa nomthwalo mkhulu kakhulu.
2. Ukucindezela okwanele ngokweqile nokugqoka ukumelana
Ingcindezi eyedlulele nezakhiwo zokulwa nokugqoka yizona zinto ezibaluleke kakhulu nezimpawu ezisemqoka zamafutha egiya.
Kuya ngokusebenza kokuvimbela indawo yamazinyo ekugqokeni, ekuklwebheni nasekuhlanganiseni ngesikhathi sokunyakaza.
Ukusebenza kokulwa nokugqokwa nokulayishwa Ngenxa yokuthi umthwalo wamagiya ngokuvamile ungaphezulu kuka-490MPa, futhi umthwalo ongaphezulu wamazinyo ongaphezulu uphakeme njengo-2942MPa, ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwefilimu kawoyela ekubangeleni ukugqokwa kwamazinyo nokuhuzuka, ukucindezela okukhulu Ama-ejenti wezembatho ngokuvamile afakwa emafutheni egiya. Esikhathini esedlule, uhlobo lwesulfure-chlorine, uhlobo lwesulfure-phosphorus-chlorine, uhlobo lwesulfure-chlorine-phosphorus-zinc, uhlobo lwesulfure-lead kanye nesulfure-phosphorus-lead type izithasiselo. I-Sulphur-phosphorus noma isulfure-phosphorus-nitrogen hlobo izithasiselo zivame ukusetshenziswa.
3. Ukudilizwa okuhle
I-emulsification kanye nokonakala kukawoyela wamagiya oxhumana namanzi kuzokuthinta kakhulu ukwakheka kwefilimu kawoyela futhi kudale imihuzuko nokugqoka.
4. Ukuqina okuhle kwe-oxidation nokuqina okushisayo
Ukuzinza okuhle kwe-oxidation okuqinisekisiwe kuqinisekisa impilo yenkonzo kawoyela.
5. Impahla enhle elwa namagwebu
Uma amagwebu akhiqizwayo engenakunyamalala masinyane, kuzothinta ukwakheka kwefilimu kawoyela kumeshi yegiya. Igwebu eligxiliwe lizonciphisa uwoyela osebenzayo uqobo futhi lithinte ukushabalalisa ukushisa.
6. Ukugqwala okuhle nokumelana nokugqwala
Ukugqwala nokugqwala akuqedi nje kuphela izici zejiyomethri kanye nesimo sokuthambisa segiya, kepha imikhiqizo yokugqwala nokugqwala izophinde idale ukuwohloka kukawoyela wamagiya, okuholele kumbuthano ononya.
Uwoyela wegiye kufanele futhi ube nezinye izinto, njengokunamathela nokuqina kweshear. Njengamanje, izithasiselo eziningi zengcindezi ezisetshenzisiwe ezisetshenziswa kumafutha wamagiya asezingeni eliphakathi nelinomthwalo omkhulu wezimboni ezweni lami ikakhulukazi ziluhlobo lwesulfure-phosphorus futhi izinga lekhwalithi yemikhiqizo efanayo yangaphandle liyaqhathaniswa.
Ama-gearbox anezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, njengama-wind turbines. Ama-gearbox ayingxenye ebalulekile yomshini esetshenziswa kakhulu kuma-wind turbines. Umsebenzi wawo omkhulu ukuhambisa amandla akhiqizwa yisondo lomoya ngaphansi kwesenzo somoya ku-generator futhi akwenze kuthole isivinini esihambisanayo.
Ngokuvamile, ijubane lesondo lomoya liphansi kakhulu, okukude nejubane elidingwa yi-generator ukukhiqiza ugesi. Kumele itholakale ngomphumela owanda ngejubane wegear gearbox, ngakho-ke u-gearbox ubizwa nangokuthi ibhokisi elinyusa ijubane.
I-gearbox inemisebenzi elandelayo:
1. Ukusheshisa nokusheshisa, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi u-gearbox wejubane oguqukayo.
2. Shintsha indlela yokuhambisa. Isibonelo, singasebenzisa amagiya womkhakha amabili ukudlulisa amandla ngokuya komunye umphini ojikelezayo.
3. Shintsha i-torque ejikelezayo. Ngaphansi kwesimo samandla esifanayo, amagiya ajikeleza ngokushesha, bese kuba omncane torque eshafeni, okuphambene nalokho.
Umsebenzi we-Clutch: Singahlukanisa injini nomthwalo ngokuhlukanisa amagiya amabili asekuqaleni anemeshi. Njengokubamba ibhuleki njalonjalo.
5. Ukwabiwa kwamandla. Isibonelo, singasebenzisa injini eyodwa ukushayela imiphini yezigqila eminingi kushaft eyinhloko ka-gearbox, ukuze sifeze ukusebenza kwenjini eyodwa eshayela imithwalo eminingi.
Amabheringi wezingxenye zokudlulisela angamabheringi aziwayo asekhaya noma amabheringi angenisiwe, futhi izimvu zamanzi ziyizimpawu zamafutha omzimba; ukwakheka kwebhokisi lokumunca, indawo enkulu yekhabethe kanye nefeni elikhulu; ukunciphisa ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa nomsindo womshini wonke, futhi uthuthukise ukuthembeka kokusebenza, Amandla okudlulisa ayanda. Ingabona shaft efanayo, i-shaft engakwesokudla, ibhokisi elijwayelekile nelivundlile. Izindlela zokufaka zifaka phakathi i-motor connection flange ne-shaft input; umphini wokukhipha ungakhipha ezingeni elifanele noma ngokuvundlile. Shaft Solid futhi kushaft eziyize, flange uhlobo okukhipha kushaft ayatholakala. U-gearbox ungahlangabezana nezidingo zokufakwa kwesikhala esincane, futhi unganikezwa ngokuya ngezidingo zamakhasimende. Ivolumu yayo ingu-1/2 incane kunaleyo ka-gearbox wamazinyo athambile, isisindo sayo sincishiswe ngesigamu, impilo yenkonzo yayo inyuswa ngama-3 kuye kuma-4 times, futhi umthamo wayo wokuthwala ukhuphuke ngama-8 kuya kuma-10 times. Isetshenziswa kakhulu ekuphrinteni nasekupakisheni imishini, imishini enezinhlangothi ezintathu, imishini yokuvikela imvelo, imishini yokudlulisa, imishini yamakhemikhali, imishini yezimayini zensimbi, imishini yensimbi nensimbi, imishini yokuxuba, imishini yokwakha umgwaqo, imboni kashukela, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi, izitebhisi ezihambayo ikheshi, ukwakhiwa kwemikhumbi, ukukhanya okuphezulu kwamandla amakhulu, isilinganiso sejubane eliphezulu, izikhathi ezinjenge-field yezimboni, insimu yokwenza iphepha, imboni ye-metallurgical, ukwelashwa kwendle, imboni yezinto zokwakha, imishini yokuphakamisa, umugqa wokuhambisa, umugqa womhlangano, njll. isilinganiso esihle sokwenza intengo futhi silungele ukufaniswa kwemishini yasendaweni.
