Sekukonke, izinhlelo zokuphakelwa kukagesi yinethiwekhi lapho abathengi bakagesi bathola amandla emthonjeni wokuphehla (njengesiteshi samandla esishisayo). Izinhlelo zokuhambisa amandla - kufaka phakathi imigqa emincane yokudlulisa, imigqa yokuhambisa ephakathi, kanye nezintambo zokuhambisa ende - zithutha amandla zisuka kumthombo wokuphehla ziye ohlelweni lokusabalalisa amandla. Lezi zinhlelo zokuhambisa zihlinzeka ngogesi ezindaweni zomthengi ngamunye.
Ukudluliselwa kwe-AC vs DC
Ngokuyisisekelo kunezinhlelo ezimbili lapho amandla kagesi angadluliselwa khona:
Uhlelo lokuhambisa ugesi olunamandla kagesi DC.
Uhlelo lokuhambisa ugesi oluphezulu lwe-AC.
Kunezinzuzo ezithile ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo zokuhambisa i-DC:
Bafunzisi ababili kuphela abadingekayo ohlelweni lokuhanjiswa kweDC. Kuyenzeka futhi usebenzise umqhubi oyedwa kuphela wohlelo lokudlulisa lwe-DC uma umhlaba usetshenziswa njengendlela yokubuya kohlelo.
Ingcindezi engaba khona kumvikeli wohlelo lokudlulisela i-DC icishe ibe ngama-70% wohlelo lokudlulisela lwamagesi olulinganayo lwe-AC. Ngakho-ke, izinhlelo zokuhambisa i-DC zinciphise izindleko zokufakwa.
Inductance, capacitance, kuhamishwa kwesigaba nezinkinga zokuhlinza kungaqedwa ohlelweni lwe-DC.
Noma ngabe nalezi zinzuzo ohlelweni lwe-DC, ngokuvamile, amandla kagesi adluliswa ngohlelo lokudlulisela lwe-AC lwezigaba ezintathu. Izinzuzo zohlelo lokuhambisa nge-AC zifaka:
Ukushintshana kwama voltages kungakhuphuka kalula futhi kukhuphuke, okungeke kwenzeke kuhlelo lokuhambisa lweDC.
Ukulungiswa kokufakwa kwe-AC kulula kakhulu futhi kungokomnotho uma kuqhathaniswa neDC.
Ukuguqulwa kwamandla endaweni yokufakwa kukagesi kwe-AC kulula kakhulu kunamasethi we-motor-generator ohlelweni lweDC.
Kepha uhlelo lokudlulisela i-AC lukhona nokubi okuthile, okubandakanya:
Umthamo womqhubi odingekayo ezinhlelweni ze-AC uphezulu kakhulu uma uqhathaniswa nezinhlelo ze-DC.
Ukuphendula komugqa kuthinta ukulawulwa kwamandla kagesi wohlelo lokuhambisa amandla kagesi.
Izinkinga zemiphumela yesikhumba nemiphumela yokusondela kutholakala ezinhlelweni ze-AC kuphela.
Izinhlelo zokuhanjiswa kwe-AC kungenzeka zithinteke ekukhutshweni kwe-corona kunesistimu yokuhambisa iDC.
Ukwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi yokuhambisa amandla kagesi e-AC kuqediwe kakhulu kunalezi zinhlelo zeDC.
Ukuvumelanisa okufanele kuyadingeka ngaphambi kokuxhumanisa izintambo zokuhambisa ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ndawonye, ukuvumelanisa kungashiywa ngokuphelele ohlelweni lokuhambisa lwe-DC.
Ukwakha Isiteshi Sokukhiqiza
Ngesikhathi sokuhlela ukwakhiwa kwesiteshi sokuphehla lezi zinto ezilandelayo okufanele zibhekelwe ukukhiqizwa komnotho kwamandla kagesi.
Ukutholakala kalula kwamanzi kwesiteshi esiphehla amandla kagesi.
Ukutholakala kalula komhlaba wokwakhiwa kwesiteshi samandla kubandakanya abasebenzi baselokishini.
Isiteshi esisebenza ngogesi, kufanele kube nedamu emfuleni. Indawo efanelekile emfuleni kumele ikhethwe ngendlela yokuthi ukwakhiwa kwedamu kungenziwa ngendlela enhle kakhulu.
Esiteshini samandla esishisayo, ukutholakala kalula kwamafutha kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okufanele zibhekwe.
Ukuxhumana okungcono kwezimpahla kanye nabasebenzi besiteshi sikagesi nakho kufanele kucatshangwe.
Okokuhambisa izingxenye ezinkulu kakhulu zama-turbines, ama-alternator, njll., Kumele kube nemigwaqo ebanzi, ukuxhumana kwezitimela, nomfula ojulile nobanzi kufanele udlule eduze kwesiteshi samandla.
Kwisitjalo samandla enuzi, kufanele sibekwe ebangeni elinjalo ukusuka endaweni ejwayelekile ukuze kube khona umphumela osuka ekuphendukeni kwe-nyukiliya ukwenzeka kwabantu abavamile.
Kunezinye izinto eziningi futhi okufanele sicabangele zona, kepha zingaphezu kobubanzi bengxoxo yethu. Zonke izinto ezibhalwe ngaphezulu zinzima ukutholakala ezikhungweni zokulayisha. Isiteshi samandla noma isiteshi sokuphehla kumele sakhiwe lapho zonke izinsiza zitholakala kalula. Le ndawo kungenzeka ingadingeki ezikhungweni zokulayisha. Amandla akhiqizwe esiteshini sokuphehla abese edluliselwa esikhungweni semithwalo esebenzisa uhlelo lokuhambisa amandla kagesi njengoba sishilo phambilini.
uhlelo lokudlulisela inethiwekhi
Amandla akhiqizwe esiteshini sokuphehla asezingeni eliphansi lamandla kagesi, njengoba amandla kagesi aphansi enenani elithile lomnotho. Isizukulwane samandla wamandla aphansi sinamandla kakhulu ngokomnotho (okusho ukuthi izindleko eziphansi) kunesizukulwane esiphakeme samandla kagesi. Ngezinga eliphansi lamandla kagesi, isisindo kanye nokufakelwa kungaphansi ku-alternator; lokhu kunciphisa ngqo izindleko nosayizi we-alternator. Kepha la mandla wamandla amancane aphansi awakwazi ukudluliselwa ngqo ekugcineni komthengi ngoba lokhu kudluliselwa kwamandla kwamandla kagesi akufani nakwezomnotho. Ngakho-ke yize ukuveliswa kwamandla kagesi okuphansi kungokomnotho, ukudluliselwa kwamandla kagesi okuphansi akuyona okomnotho.
Amandla kagesi alingana ngokuthe ngqo kumkhiqizo wamandla kagesi wamanje namandla kagesi wesistimu. Ngakho-ke lapho kudluliswa amandla kagesi athile endaweni eyodwa kuya kwenye, uma amandla kagesi enyuka lapho amandla ahlobene nalokhu kuncipha. Ukuncishiswa kwamanje kusho ukulahleka kwe-I2R okungatheni ohlelweni, indawo engaphansi kwesigaba somqhubi kusho ukubandakanyeka kwemali encane futhi kunciphise izimbangela zamanje zokuthuthuka kokulawulwa kwamandla kagesi kohlelo lokuhambisa amandla kanye nomthethonqubo ongcono wamandla kukhombisa amandla esezingeni. Ngenxa yalezi zizathu ezintathu amandla kagesi adluliselwa ikakhulukazi ngamazinga aphezulu kagesi.
Futhi lapho sekusatshalaliswa amandla okusatshalaliswa kahle kwamandla adlulisiwe, yehle yehle yaya kufinyelela amazinga aphansi we-voltage afiselekayo.
Ngakho-ke kungaphethwa ngokuthi okokuqala amandla kagesi akhiqizwa endaweni ephansi yamandla kagesi bese enyuka efinyelela kugesi ophezulu ukuze kudluliselwe amandla kagesi ngendlela efanele. Okokugcina, ukuze kusatshalaliswe amandla kagesi noma amandla kubathengi abahlukahlukene, kwehle kufinyelele ezingeni elifunekayo eliphansi.
Kanye nokuhlukahluka kobuchwepheshe bokwakha iphrojekthi, imodeli yokuhlola ejwayelekile yezindleko zokudlulisa amandla asuselwa kuzindleko zeyunithi ayinakuhlangabezana nezidingo zokunemba, ukuqhathanisa nokunye, futhi iyantula amandla okusebenza asebenzayo nasebenza ngokuphathwa kwezindleko zobunjiniyela. Ukuze kuthuthukiswe futhi ububanzi bokunemba kohlelo lwamanani enkomba wephrojekthi, uma kucatshangelwa izici zephrojekthi, leli phepha lisungule uhlelo lwezinkomba zamazinga amathathu lokuhlola iphrojekthi yokuhanjiswa kwamandla ngokusebenzisa isakhi esiyinhloko sokuhlaziya (i-PSA) nomshini we-vector wokuxhasa (SVM) indlela, esuselwa ekuqoqeni ukucubungula idatha yesampula yephrojekthi yokuhambisa amandla, nokumba izinto ezinomthelela wezindleko zephrojekthi. Ngemuva kwalokho, imodeli yokuhlola inkomba engakhombisa imithetho ejwayelekile yezindleko zokudluliselwa kwamandla yamiswa, futhi kwabalwa indawo yokuphepha yenkomba ngayinye. Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwesampula ikhombisa ukuthi uhlelo lokuhlola inkomba lungalawula iphutha lokuhlola ngaphakathi kwe-10%, olunganikeza ireferensi ethembekile ngokwengeziwe
Ngokuhlela nokwakhiwa kwephrojekthi yokuhambisa amabanga amade kanye ne-Ultra high voltage, imiphumela emvelweni nasempilweni yabantu evela emasimini e-elekthronikhi elejwayelekile, ithole ukunakwa okwengeziwe. Kuleli phepha imithetho nemithetho yamanje ephathelene namasimu wama-electromagnetic eChina afingwe, khona-ke ukushiyeka kanye nokulimazeka, njengezikhala zomthetho, izinga eliphansi lomthetho, ukuntuleka kwamazinga kazwelonke kanye nokusebenza okubuthakathaka kwemithetho nemigomo ekhona kukhonjisiwe. Ngakho-ke, kusinikezwe izeluleko zokuthuthukisa imithetho kanye nemithethonqubo mayelana nemikhakha yama-electromagnetic, kubandakanya nokwakha umthetho okhethekile, ukuphelela kwamazinga kazwelonke, ukucebisa okuqukethwe komthetho, ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lokubamba iqhaza komphakathi kufanele lwakhiwe ukuqeda ukukhathazeka komphakathi.
Izinga lokuhanjiswa kwamandla kanye noshintsho kwiphrojekthi kubalulekile ekuthuthukisweni komnotho wezwe kanye nasempilweni yabantu. Isiqinisekiso sekhwalithi yokwakha sinzima ngokwengeziwe ngephrojekthi iya ngokuya iba nzima. Ngakho-ke leli phepha lizama ukwakha uhlelo oluqinisekile lwekhwalithi yokwakha. Iqukethe kakhulu izinhloso zekhwalithi yokwakha, uhlelo lwekhwalithi yokwakha, uhlelo lokuqinisekisa, izinhlangano eziqinisekisa uhlelo, uhlelo lokuqinisekisa umsebenzi kanye nohlelo lokulawula ikhwalithi.
Ukuqapha umugqa wokudluliselwa kwamandla kuwukuhlobisa okujwayelekile kokuqapha okuzenzakalelayo kanye nokuphathwa kwesayensi kokuhambisa umugqa wamandla ngamasu athuthukile, futhi kuyisisekelo esibalulekile sokuzuza igridi ehlakaniphile. Uhlelo lwayo lokudlulisela idatha luhlukaniswe kwinethiwekhi yokufinyelela nenethiwekhi, inethiwekhi yokufinyelela inezindawo ezinhlobonhlobo zezindawo, i-tower node nezindawo ezihlanganisiwe, ezibandakanya amanethiwekhi asendaweni kanye namanethiwekhi akude. Ukusetshenziswa kwenethiwekhi eguquguqukayo nethembekile kuzoqinisekisa ukufezekisa ukudluliswa kwedatha okusheshayo, okuthembekile nokucacile phakathi kwesiteshi esikhulu namaphethelo kuhlelo. Ngokuya ngezidingo zokudluliswa kwedatha yohlelo lokuqapha umugqa wokuhambisa, leli phepha lifunda ubuchwepheshe benethiwekhi yokuxhumana ukuthola inethiwekhi ngokubuka kwamanethiwekhi angasese nawomphakathi, futhi ngemuva kokuhlaziywa okuqhathaniswa kwale mikhakha, ihlongoza umgomo wokuthi ungayikhetha kanjani efanele ubuchwepheshe benethiwekhi yokuxhumana yezimo ezahlukahlukene zohlelo lokusebenza.
Umkhakha wamandla kagesi oguqulwe kabusha ulethe isidingo sokunciphisa izindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali nokwenza kahle izindleko zokulungiswa, ngenkathi kwenziwa ngcono noma okungenani kugcinwe amazinga wokuthembela akhona. Ukuphathwa kwezimpahla okuthembekile (RCAM) kuhlose ukukhulisa inzuzo ekutshalweni kwemali ngokwenza imisebenzi yokulungisa ibe ngcono. Ucwaningo lwe-RCAM lubandakanya ukulinganiselwa kwengxenye nokubaluleka kwengxenye okuzobusa imisebenzi yokulungiswa kwengxenye. Lolu cwaningo lubonisa ukubuyekezwa kwengcindezi okuthuthukile kwengxenye yokunquma inqubo efanelekile yokulungiswa kwengxenye ye-RCAM yohlelo lokuhambisa amandla kusetshenziswa i-Technique Yokuthanda Okuthandwayo ngokufana Nendlela Ecacile Yesisombululo (TOPSIS). Indlela isetshenziswa ezifundweni zeTurkey National Power System RCAM.
Leli phepha lifingqa uhlelo lwemfundo nokuqeqeshwa lokuvuselela ngokuzenzakalelayo uhlelo lokuhambisa amandla usebenzisa i-simulator yangempela yedijithali. Uhlelo luthuthukiswa ukuze luqonde umgomo wokuhlelwa kabusha nokulandelana kwezikimu ezizenzakalelayo zokuphinda zisebenze, futhi zenze imiphumela yezenzo zokuphinda zingene ohlelweni lwamandla ku-simulator yesikhathi sangempela. Lolu cwaningo lugxilwe ezingxenyeni ezimbili ezilandelayo. Kunye ukuthuthukiswa kwezemfundo yesikhathi sangempela nohlelo lokuqeqeshwa kwezinhlelo zokuphinda zenzakale. Kulokhu, sisebenzisa i-RTDS (isikhathi sangempela sedijithali yedijithali) kanye nodluliso lwangempela lokuvikela lwedijithali. Imodeli edluliselwe zezibalo ye-RTDS kanye ne-realndo edluliselwe efakwe umsebenzi othomathikhi wokuphinda usebenzise futhi iyasetshenziswa. Enye iyisidlali esisebenzisana kahle phakathi komqeqeshi nomuntu oqeqeshwayo. Imibukiso ehlukahlukene yokubonisa isetshenziselwa ukuphatha abasebenzisi kanye nemiphumela yokubonisa. Izimo zokuphinda kufakwe ngokuzenzakalelayo okuyisibalo sokuphinda kuguqulwe kabusha, isikhathi sokufa kabusha, isikhathi sokusetha kabusha, njalonjalo, kungashintshwa yiphaneli elibonakalayo lomsebenzisi.
Ukuthola ubungozi obukhona kuzinhlelo zokuhambisa amandla kudinga izinyathelo ezimbili ezihlukile ngoba iningi lama-blackout amakhulu linezingxenye ezimbili ezihlukile, okubangela / ukuqalisa umcimbi olandelwa ukwehluleka ukuhlasela. Ukuthola okubangela ama-blackout amakhulu isinyathelo sokuqala nesjwayelekile. Okulandelayo, ingxenye yokuphutha yomcimbi owedlulele (ongaba mude noma ube mfushane) incike kakhulu "esimeni" sohlelo, ukuthi imigqa ilayishwa kangakanani, nokuthi ingakanani indawo yesizukulwane ekhona, nokuthi isizukulwane siphi esihlobene nesi umthwalo. Kodwa-ke, ngesikhathi semicimbi enkulu yokushona kunemigqa ethile yokuthola ukulayisha ngokweqile ephakeme kunaleyo eminye. Izifundo zezibalo zabantu abamnyama besebenzisa ikhodi ye-OPA zivumela ukukhonjwa kwaleyo migqa noma amaqembu alayini wemodeli yenethiwekhi enikeziwe, ngaleyo ndlela enikeze inqubo yokuhlonza engcupheni (noma ebucayi) yamaqoqo. Leli phepha lidingida zombili izingxenye zombuzo wokuba sengozini.
Isizathu esibalulekile sokusebenzisa i-computer - a assist assist, (CAD) edidiyelwe ekwakhiweni kwe-MPTS ukuthi, inikezela ithuba lokuthuthukisa izakhi, amayunithi nezishayeli, ukwakha ama-MPTS. Kungumgomo we-CAD yama-MPTS, hhayi ukuthi kusebenze ngokwedizayini ukwakhiwa kwalezi zingxenye bese kuqhuba amayunithi ngamunye, kepha futhi nokuzenzakalelayo ekwakhiweni kwama-MPTS ahlanganisiwe wonke. Lolu hlelo lochwepheshe ohlanganyelwe lwe-CAD yama-MPTS kufanele lwakhiwe ngendlela esetshenziswayo ukuze luwenze lusebenze zombili kwifomu elihlanganisiwe njengemodi yokuma yodwa. okwaziyo ukukhetha amayunithi afanelekile nemishayeli eyakha ama-MPTS ngokuya ngemininingwane yedrafti eklanyiwe futhi uyiqambe.
Imodeli yezinhlelo ezimbili zezinhlelo zokuhlola ezimi eziqinile nezishukumisayo zethulwa kuleli phepha. Ukungaqiniseki komjovo wamandla we-nodal obangelwa amandla omoya nesidingo somthwalo, izingqinamba zokuqina eziqinile nezishintshashintshashintshashintshi phakathi kokucushwa kwesistimu ngokuya ngesilinganiso sokuhluleka kanye nezinga lokulungisa kubhekwa kumodeli. Isikhathi sokungavikeleki sisetshenziselwa inkomba yezokuphepha. Ukusatshalaliswa okungenzeka kwesikhathi kokungavikeleki kungatholwa ngokuxazulula i-equarferenisi ye-veator eqondile. I-coefficients ye-equation eyehlukile ivezwa ngokuya ngamanani wokushintshwa wokushintshwa kanye nokuguqulwa kokuphepha. Imodeli isetshenziswa ohlelweni oluyinkimbinkimbi ngempumelelo okokuqala ngokusebenzisa lezi zinyathelo ezisebenzayo ezilandelayo: okokuqala, ukubala ukushintshwa kwamazinga wokuguqulwa ngokusezingeni lokusetjenziswa kwesilinganiso sokuguqulwa kwesimo se-matrix nesistimu yokuhlelwa kwesistimu; Okwesibili, kubalwa ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukuthi kufakwe umjovo wamandla wokunquma we-nodal wesifunda ngokuphepha ngokuhambisana nezingxenye ezibalulekile zemingcele yesifunda yezokuphepha emelelwe
I-Abstract Leli phepha ligxila ekuhlaziyweni kohlelo lokudluliselwa kwamandla, impilo yamandla ugandaganda wobunjineli, obamba iqhaza elibaluleke kakhulu ebusweni bezimo ezinzima zokusebenza kanye nezimo zokusebenza ezingezinhle. Ukusungulwa komodeli wesitimela wamandla ogandaganda, osekelwa yi-AVL-Cruise, kuyisisekelo sekulingisa nokubala kwamandla kagwayi kanye nokusebenza komnotho kaphethiloli. Imiphumela yokubala yomsebenzi wokulinganisa iqhathaniswa nedatha yemoto yokuqala. Lokho kukhombisa ukuthuthuka kokusebenza kogandaganda. Ukusebenza kahle kusekelwe kwimiphumela yokulingisa. Kwenyusa ukusebenza kwamandla ka-4.23% futhi kwehlise ukusetshenziswa kawoyela ngo-4.02% ezimeni zomjikelezo.
Ukuzamazama komhlaba kwe-Scenario kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukuvivinya ubungozi bokuzamazama komhlaba kwezinhlelo zezingqalasizinda zomphakathi. Ngenkathi imiphumela yokuhlola okunjalo kobungozi ibalulekile ekubukeni nasekuchazeni umthelela wokuzamazama komhlaba kwingqalasizinda yomphakathi, inemibandela ngokwemvelo futhi ayifaki engcupheni ezinhlelweni zezingqalasizinda kusuka ekuphazamisekeni okungabasongela ngesikhathi sokusebenza esithile. Ngakho-ke, ukuhlolwa kobungozi obususelwa ekuzamazameni komhlaba okwenzeka njengamanje akusizi ngalutho ekubekweni nezindleko zomshuwalense waminyaka yonke, noma ekuklameni noma ekuvuseleleni uhlelo lwengqalasizinda. Kuleli phepha, indlela entsha yokuhlola ingozi engenamkhawulo yokunyamalala kwezinhlelo zezingqalasizinda ihlongoziwe futhi iboniswa ngohlelo lokusebenza kohlelo lokuhambisa amandla kagesi esifundeni sokuzamazama okulinganiselayo. Ukuhlola okuqhathanisayo kobungozi besistimu efanayo kuya kokuzamazama komhlaba okubili okuvame ukusetshenziswa komhlaba okuthiwa yiMaximum Probable Earthquake kanye ne-Def Characteristic Earthquake - kuqokomisa ubuhle bendlela ehlongozwayo.
Ukuqina kwe-Voltage kungenye yezinkinga ezibaluleke kakhulu ezibhekene nokusebenza nokulawulwa kohlelo lwamandla. Muva nje, ukunakwa okuningi kukhokhelwe endabeni yokuqina kwamandla kagesi. Kuyaziwa ukuthi izingxenye ezinkulu zohlelo lwamandla ezithinta ukuqina kwamandla kagesi ashukumisayo yimithwalo yamandla eqhubekayo nemigqa yokuhambisa. Kulolu cwaningo, imiphumela yamaphutha ezintanjeni zokudlulisela ngokubuka kokuqina kwamandla kagesi iyaphenywa. Kuboniswa ukuthi amaphutha olayini wokuhambisa akhuphula kakhulu umphumela wokuphazamiseka, obangela ukungazinzi kwamandla kagesi.
Kwethulwa imiphumela neziphetho zocwaningo olwenzeka ngohlelo lwedijithali lokuvikela imigqa yokudlulisela. Kulolu phenyo lwelebhu, ikhompyutha enohlelo lokutholwa kwedatha yayo yayixhunywe kwimodeli yokuhambisa. Uhlelo lwe-mini-computer lwesikimu sokuvikela ibanga elingamakhilomitha amabili lusebenzisa i-algorithm esekelwe kunqubo yokuhlukaniswa yohlelo. Ukuhlolwa okubanzi okunezinhlobo eziningi zamaphutha, izindawo zamaphutha, ama-engeli okufaka amaphutha, nokugeleza kwamandla kubonise impumelelo yohlelo. Izikhathi zohambo zazisilinganiso esilingana noma esingaphansi komjikelezo ongu-0.5 wenkundla yokuvikela eyinhloko. Uhlelo luthole ngempumelelo iphutha lendawo enendawo enendawo enamaphutha khona ngokuvamile kungamamayela phezu kwebanga lemodeli yokudluliselwa kolayini okungamamayela angama-72.
Sakha indlela entsha yokwenza kahle yokuhlela ukufakwa kwamadivayisi we-Flexible Alternating yamanje Transfer System (FACTS) wohlobo olufana nalolo oluyi-shunt ezinhlelweni zokuhambisa amandla amakhulu, okuvumela ukubambezeleka noma ukugwema ukufakwa kwemigqa yamandla ebiza kakhulu eqolo. I-Methodology ithatha njengokufakwa kokuqagelwa kokuthuthuka komnotho, okuvezwa ngokukhula okuhamba phambili kwemithwalo yohlelo, kanye nokungaqiniseki, okuvezwa ngezimo eziningi zokukhula. Sithenga amadivaysi amasha ngokwamandla awo. Izindleko zokufaka zifaka inhloso yokwenza kahle ihlanganiswe nezindleko zemisebenzi ezihlanganiswe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi zilinganiswe ngaphezulu kwezimo. Ukusebenza kahle kwesigaba esinezigaba eziningi (isikhathi esijwayelekile) kuhlose ukufezekisa ukusatshalaliswa kancane kwezinsiza ezintsha esikhaleni nangesikhathi. Izingqinamba kwisabelomali sokutshala imali, noma ubunzima obufana nobuso ekwakhiweni kwethulwa ngesikhathi ngasinye. Indlela yethu ilungisa ukusebenza hhayi nje ngamadivayisi we-FACTS asanda kufakwa kepha namanye amazinga esivele ekhona enkululeko.
Leli phepha linikeza ukuklanywa, ukuqaliswa kanye nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kohlelo lokuvuna amandla ukukhipha amandla emigqeni yokuhambisa amandla. Amandla akhishwa engxenyeni ephezulu yokuqina eboshwe ngentambo ephezulu yamanje. Isilonda sekhoyili esisemazingeni kazibuthe singavuna amandla ngokuphumelelayo kusuka kulayini wamandla lapho umongo usebenza endaweni engafinyeleleki. Amandla amancane angavunwa uma amandla omazibuthe we-flux esegcwele enkabeni. Leli phepha lethula indlela entsha yokwenyusa izinga lamandla esivuniwe. Ngokwengeza ukushintshana kumjikelezo omfushane wekhoyili lapho umugqa ophakathi ufinyelela, isilinganiso samandla esivuniwe singakhuphuka ngo-27%. Ukushayela ucingo lapho kudingeka khona amandla aphezulu, isekethe yokuphathwa kwamandla ihlanganiswe nomvuni wamandla. Uhlelo oluklanyiwe lunganikeza amandla we-792 mW kusuka kumugqa wamandla we-10 A, okwanele ukusebenzisa izinhlobo eziningi zezinzwa noma izinhlelo zokuxhumana.
Ukumodareyitha, ukulingisa kanye nokuhlaziywa kokusebenza kwesistimu yamandla esatshalaliswa e-thermal-hybrid (HDG) enezindawo ezimbili ezinemithombo ehlukene yokwenza amandla kagesi kwenziwe kulolu cwaningo. Isizinda samandla esishisayo sakhiwe ngohlobo lokushisa kabusha lohlobo lokushisa, kanti uhlelo lwe-HDG luhlanganisa ukuhlanganiswa komoya wokuphehla nomoya ophehla udizili. Kumodeli efundwayo, i-superconducting magnetic energy (SMES) idivayisi ibhekwa kuzo zombili lezi zindawo. Ngokwengeziwe, insiza eguquguqukayo ye-ac transmission system (i-FACTS) efana ne-static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) nayo icatshangelwa kulayini we-tie. Amapharamitha ahambisanayo ahlukile we-proportional-elemental-derivative (PID), ama-SMES kanye ne-SSSC enziwe kahle kusetshenziswa i-algorithm yenqubo yokuphikisana (i-QOHS) ye-algorithm. Ukusebenza kokusebenza kwe-algorithm yenoveli ye-QOHS kusungulwa ngenkathi kuqhathaniswa ukusebenza kwayo ne-algorithm yezakhi zofuzo ezinamakhokheni. Kusukela emsebenzini wokulingisa kuyabonakala ukuthi ngokufakwa kwe-SMES kuzona zombili lezi zindawo,
