Intengo yenjini ye-valve engu-16 e-pakistan dynamo yokukhiqiza ugesi
Isigaba esisodwa semotor capacitance:
(1) Ukumelana ne-voltage enkulu kuno-220v*1.41＝ 310V, 400V
(2) I-electrodeless capacitor izokhethwa nge-polarity
(3) Umthamo we-Capacitor / amandla alinganiselwe ＝ 10nf/100w
Uma amandla akho emoto engu-370w*10nf/100w=37nf
I-asynchronous motor yezigaba ezintathu iwuhlobo lwenjini enikwa amandla amandla kagesi we-380V wezigaba ezintathu ze-AC (umehluko wesigaba esingu-120 °). Ngenxa yokuthi i-rotor ne-stator ejikelezayo inkambu kazibuthe yesigaba sesithathu se-asynchronous motor ijikeleza ngendlela efanayo nangesivinini esihlukile, kukhona ukushelela, ngakho-ke kubizwa nge-asynchronous motor yezigaba ezintathu.
isimiso sokusebenza
Ziningi izinhlobo zenjini, kodwa umgomo wayo wokusebenza usekelwe emthethweni wokungeniswa kukazibuthe kanye nomthetho wamandla kazibuthe kagesi. Ngakho-ke, umgomo ojwayelekile wesakhiwo sawo ukusebenzisa izinto ezifanele kazibuthe neziqhubayo ukwakha isekethe kazibuthe kanye nesekhethi yokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic mutual, ukuze kukhiqizwe amandla kazibuthe kagesi futhi kuzuzwe inhloso yokuguqulwa kwamandla.
I-asynchronous motor enezigaba ezintathu iyinjini yokungenisa. Ngemuva kokuthi i-stator inikezwe amandla amanje, ingxenye ye-flux kazibuthe idlula iringi yesiyingi esifushane bese ikhiqiza amandla amanje. I-current in short-circuit ring ivimbela ukuguqulwa kokuguquguquka kazibuthe, okuholela kumehluko wesigaba phakathi kokuguquguquka kazibuthe okukhiqizwa ingxenye enendandatho yesiyingi esifushane nangaphandle kwayo, ngaleyo ndlela yakhe insimu yamagnetic ezungezayo. Ngemuva kokuvula nokuqaliswa kwamandla, i-rotor winding idala amandla e-electromotive kanye namanje ngenxa yokunyakaza okuhlobene phakathi kokuhamba kwe-rotor kanye nenkundla kazibuthe, okungukuthi, insimu yamagnetic ejikelezayo inejubane elihlobene ne-rotor, futhi ixhumana nozibuthe. insimu yokukhiqiza i-torque kagesi, eyenza i-rotor ijikeleze futhi ibone ukuguqulwa kwamandla.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwezimoto
1. ukuhlukaniswa ngokusebenza kwamandla kagesi
Ngokusho kokunikezwa kwamandla okusebenzayo kwemoto, ingahlukaniswa nge-DC motor kanye ne-AC motor. I-AC motor nayo ihlukaniswe yaba yi-single-phase motor kanye ne-third phase motor.
2. ukuhlukaniswa ngokwesakhiwo kanye nesimiso sokusebenza
Ngokwesakhiwo esihlukile kanye nesimiso sokusebenza semoto, ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-DC motor, i-asynchronous motor kanye ne-synchronous motor.
I-synchronous motor ingabuye ihlukaniswe ibe yimotor synchronous kazibuthe unomphela, i-synchronous motor yokungabaza kanye ne-hysteresis synchronous motor.
I-Asynchronous motor ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-induction motor kanye ne-AC commutator motor. I-induction motor ihlukaniswe ngezigaba ezintathu ze-asynchronous motor, isigaba esisodwa se-asynchronous motor kanye ne-shaded pole asynchronous motor. I-AC commutator motor ihlukaniswe yaba yimoto yochungechunge lwesigaba esisodwa, i-AC / DC enezinjongo ezimbili kanye ne-repulsion motor.
Ngokusho kwesakhiwo kanye nomgomo wokusebenza, i-DC motor ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-brushless DC motor kanye ne-brush DC motor. I-Brush DC motor ingahlukaniswa ibe yizibuthe ezihlala njalo ze-DC motor kanye ne-electromagnetic DC motor. I-Electromagnetic DC motor ihlukaniswe yaba uchungechunge lwe-DC motor ejabulile, injini ye-DC ejabulile ehambisanayo, injini ye-DC ejabulile ngokwehlukana kanye ne-DC motor ejabulile. Unomphela uzibuthe DC motor ihlukaniswe umhlaba ongavamile uzibuthe unomphela DC motor, ferrite unomphela uzibuthe DC motor kanye aluminium nickel cobalt unomphela uzibuthe DC motor.
3. ukuhlukaniswa ngemodi yokuqalisa nokusebenza
Ngokusho kwezindlela ezihlukene zokuqala nokusebenza kwemoto, ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-capacitor eqala isigaba esisodwa se-asynchronous motor, i-capacitor esebenza isigaba esisodwa se-asynchronous motor, i-capacitor eqala ukusebenza ngesigaba esisodwa se-asynchronous motor kanye nesigaba sokuhlukanisa isigaba esisodwa se-asynchronous motor.
Intengo yenjini ye-valve engu-16 e-pakistan dynamo yokukhiqiza ugesi
4. ukuhlukaniswa ngokusetshenziswa
Ingahlukaniswa nge-drive motor kanye ne-control motor.
Izinjini zokushayela zihlukaniswe zibe izinjini zamathuluzi kagesi (okuhlanganisa ukubhola, ukupholishwa, ukupholisha, ukucwiliswa, ukusika, ukulungisa kabusha kanye namanye amathuluzi) Izinjini zempahla yasendlini (okuhlanganisa nemishini yokuwasha, amafeni kagesi, iziqandisi, ama-air conditioner, ama-tape recorders, ama-video recorders, Izidlali ze-DVD, okokuhlanza izinwele, amakhamera, okokomisa izinwele, okokushela ugesi, njll.) kanye nezinjini zezinye izinto eziwumshini ezincane ezivamile (okuhlanganisa amathuluzi emishini emincane ehlukahlukene, imishini emincane, izinto zikagesi zezokwelapha, amathuluzi kagesi, njll.).
I-Control motor ihlukaniswe yaba yi-steping motor kanye ne-servo motor.
5. ukuhlukaniswa ngokusho kwesakhiwo se-rotor
Ngokwesakhiwo se-rotor, i-motor ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-cage induction motor (ebizwa ngokuthi i-squirrel cage induction motor ezingeni elidala) kanye ne-rotor induction motor (ebizwa ngokuthi i-induction motor induction in the standard endala).
6. ukuhlukaniswa ngesivinini sokugijima
Ngokwejubane lokugijima lemoto, ingahlukaniswa ngesivinini esikhulu, i-low-speed motor, i-speed motor njalo kanye ne-speed regulating motor.
Amamotho anejubane eliphansi ahlukaniswe amamotho anciphisa amagiya, amamotho ancishiswa ngogesi, ama-torque motors nama-claw pole synchronous motors.
Ngaphezu kwe-motor yejubane engaguquki, i-motor yejubane engashintshi, i-stepwise variable speed motor kanye ne-motor eguquguqukayo eguquguqukayo, i-motor yejubane eguquguqukayo nayo ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-electromagnetic variable speed motor, i-DC variable speed motor, i-PWM ishintshile injini yesivinini esishintshashintshayo.
Ijubane le-rotor le-asynchronous motor lihlala liphansi kancane kunejubane lokuvumelanisa lensimu kazibuthe ezungezayo.
Isivinini se-rotor se-synchronous motor sihlala sigcinwa ngesivinini esivumelanayo kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umthwalo ungakanani.
Inqubo yokusebenza eyisisekelo:
(1) Lapho i-asynchronous motor yezigaba ezintathu ixhunywe kugesi we-AC wezigaba ezintathu (ngasinye sinomehluko wamadigri angu-120), ukuma kwe-stator kwezigaba ezintathu kugeleza ngamandla ezigaba ezintathu ze-magnetomotive (i-stator ezungeza i-magnetomotive force) ikhiqizwa amandla okulinganisa ezigaba ezintathu futhi ikhiqize inkambu kazibuthe ezungezayo, ezungeza njengokuya kwewashi endaweni engaphakathi eyindilinga ye-stator ne-rotor ngesivinini esivumelanayo esingu-N0.
(2) Indawo kazibuthe ezungezayo inokunyakaza kokusika okuhlobene ne-rotor conductor. Ngokomgomo wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic, i-rotor conductor (i-rotor winding iyindlela evaliwe) ikhiqiza amandla e-electromotive ne-induced yamanje (isiqondiso samandla e-electromotive eyenziwe sinqunywa umthetho wesandla sokudla).
(3) Ngokomthetho wamandla kazibuthe kagesi, ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla e-electromotive akhangisiwe, umqhubi werotor uzokhiqiza imanje eliyethiwe elihambisana ngokuyisisekelo nesiqondiso samandla e-electromotive eyengelwe. I-rotor conductor yamanje ithintwa amandla kazibuthe endaweni kazibuthe ekhiqizwe i-stator (isiqondiso samandla sinqunywa umthetho ongakwesokunxele). Amandla kazibuthe kagesi akha itorque kagesi ku-motor rotor shaft, eshayela i-motor rotor ukuthi ijikeleze ngasendleleni yamagnetic field. Lapho i-motor shaft ilayishwa ngomthwalo wemishini, izokhipha amandla emishini ngaphandle. Njengoba i-flux kazibuthe yengxenye engenaso isiyingi esifushane ingaphambi kwaleyo enendandatho yesiyingi esifushane, indlela yokuzungezisa yenjini iyafana neyensimu kazibuthe ezungezayo.
Intengo yenjini ye-valve engu-16 e-pakistan dynamo yokukhiqiza ugesi
Kungani i-asynchronous motor
Ngoba i-current induced ku-coil ye-rotor ye-asynchronous motor yezigaba ezintathu ikhiqizwa ngenxa yokunyakaza okuhlobene phakathi komqhubi we-rotor kanye nensimu yamagnetic. Ijubane le-rotor le-asynchronous motor yesigaba ezintathu ngeke livunyelaniswe nenkundla kazibuthe ezungezayo, futhi ngeke lidlule isivinini sensimu kazibuthe ezungezayo. Uma isivinini esijikelezayo se-rotor yesigaba sesithathu se-asynchronous motor silingana nejubane elijikelezayo lensimu yamagnetic ejikelezayo, ngeke kube khona ukunyakaza okuhlobene phakathi kwendawo kazibuthe ne-rotor, futhi umqhubi akakwazi ukusika umugqa wamandla kazibuthe. , ngakho-ke amandla e-electromotive eyenzelwe kanye namanje ngeke akhiqizwe kukhoyili ye-rotor, futhi umqhubi we-rotor we-asynchronous motor yezigaba ezintathu ngeke athintwe amandla kagesi endaweni kazibuthe ukuze enze i-rotor ijikeleze. Ngakho-ke, isivinini sokujikeleza kwe-rotor se-asynchronous motor yesigaba ezintathu asikwazi ukufana naleyo yensimu yamagnetic ejikelezayo, futhi ihlale ingaphansi kwejubane lokuvumelanisa lensimu yamagnetic ejikelezayo. Kodwa-ke, ngaphansi kwemodi yokusebenza ekhethekile (njenge-braking yokukhiqiza amandla), isivinini se-rotor se-asynchronous motor enezigaba ezintathu singaba sikhulu kunejubane lokuvumelanisa.
Izigaba ezintathu ze-asynchronous motor torque
I-Symmetrical 3-phase winding ixhunywe ne-symmetrical 3-phase current ukukhiqiza inkambu kazibuthe ejikelezayo. Intambo kazibuthe inqamula ukujika kwe-rotor. Ngokomgomo wokungeniswa kwe-electromagnetic, mina no-e kukhiqizwa ekujikeni kwe-rotor. I-rotor winding ithintwa amandla kazibuthe endaweni kazibuthe, okungukuthi, i-torque kagesi ikhiqizwa ukwenza i-rotor ijikeleze. I-rotor ikhipha amandla emishini futhi ishayela umthwalo wokujikeleza.
Kumotho ye-AC, lapho i-stator winding idlula ku-AC yamanje, amandla e-armature magnetomotive ayasungulwa, anomthelela omkhulu ekuguquleni amandla nokusebenza kokusebenza kwenjini. Ngakho-ke, ukujikajika kwe-AC okunezigaba ezintathu kuxhunywe nesigaba sesithathu se-AC ukuze kukhiqizwe amandla kazibuthe aphehlayo, angahlukaniswa abe amandla amabili ajikelezayo e-magnetomotive ane-amplitude elinganayo nesivinini esiphambene, ukuze kusungulwe phambili futhi kuhlaneke amandla kazibuthe egebeni lomoya. Lezi zinkambu kazibuthe ezimbili ezizungezayo zisika i-rotor conductor futhi zikhiqize amandla e-electromotive akhangwe kanye namandla akhona ku-rotor conductor ngokulandelanayo.
Okwamanje kusebenzisana nenkundla kazibuthe ukuze kukhiqizwe itorque kagesi ephozithivu nebi. I-torque kagesi eya phambili izama ukwenza i-rotor ijikelezise phambili; I-torque ye-electromagnetic reverse izama ukuhlehlisa i-rotor. I-superposition yala ma-torque amabili i-torque yokwenziwa eshayela injini ukuthi ijikeleze.
Intengo yenjini ye-valve engu-16 e-pakistan dynamo yokukhiqiza ugesi
Isivinini se-asynchronous motor sezigaba ezintathu
Imisinga emithathu eshintshanayo ixhunywe ku-stator yenjini ukuze kukhiqizwe inkambu kazibuthe ezungezayo ngesivinini esingu-N0. Amapheya e-pole ahlukene P, ngaphansi kwesenzo se-AC ne-frequency f=50hz efanayo, azokhiqiza isivinini esihlukile sokuvumelanisa esingu-N0, n0=60f/p.
Ijubane le-motor rotor lincane kunelensimu kazibuthe ezungezayo, ecishe ifane nelemoto yokungenisa. s=(ns-n)/ns. S izinga lokushelela,
I-NS yijubane likazibuthe futhi uN ijubane le-rotor.
Uhlobo lwe-asynchronous motor enezigaba ezintathu
Ngokusho kwezinhlaka ezihlukene ze-rotor, ama-motor asynchronous ezigaba ezintathu angahlukaniswa ngohlobo lwekheji nohlobo lwesilonda.
I-Cage rotor asynchronous motor isetshenziswe kabanzi ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esilula, ukusebenza okuthembekile, isisindo esincane kanye nentengo ephansi. Ububi bayo obukhulu ubunzima bokulawulwa kwejubane.
I-rotor kanye ne-stator yesilonda se-asynchronous motor yesigaba sesithathu nayo ifakwe ama-windings ezigaba ezintathu futhi ixhunywe ne-rheostat yangaphandle ngokusebenzisa indandatho yokushelela nebhulashi. Ukulungisa ukumelana kwe-rheostat kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kokuqala kwemoto futhi kulungise isivinini semoto.
Izici ezintathu ze-asynchronous motor:
Izinzuzo: uma kuqhathaniswa ne-asynchronous motor yesigaba esisodwa, i-asynchronous motor enezigaba ezintathu inezinzuzo zesakhiwo esilula, ukwakhiwa okulula, ukusebenza kahle kokusebenza, ukonga izinto ezahlukahlukene kanye nenani eliphansi.
Ukungalungi: isici samandla asalayo, isici samandla okulayisha ukukhanya okuphansi kanye nokusebenza kabi kokulawula isivinini.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-asynchronous motor enezigaba ezintathu
Amandla e-asynchronous motor enezigaba ezintathu makhulu, futhi enziwa ikakhulukazi abe yimoto enkulu. Ngokuvamile isetshenziswa emishinini emikhulu yezimboni enamandla aphindwe kathathu. Okokuqala, i-asynchronous motor enezigaba ezintathu isetshenziswa kuphela njengenjini, kuyaqabukela njengejeneretha, futhi wonke ama-motor synchronous asetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amandla.
Ngamandla amancane wesigaba sesithathu se-asynchronous motor ngaphansi kwe-1kW, ayikwazi nje ukusebenza ngezigaba ezintathu, kodwa futhi isebenze isigaba esisodwa.
Ukuhlukaniswa kwama-DC motors
Imodi ye-excitation ye-DC motor ibhekisela enkingeni yokuthi unikezwa kanjani amandla kumoya ovusa amadlingozi futhi ukhiqize i-excitation flux magnetic ukusungula inkambu kazibuthe eyinhloko. Ngokuya ngezindlela ezihlukile zokuvusa, ama-DC motors angahlukaniswa abe yizinhlobo ezilandelayo.
Imodi ye-Excitation ye-DC motor
1. i-DC motor ejabulile ngokwehlukana
I-excitation winding ayixhumene ne-armature winding, kodwa i-DC motor ehlinzekwa ngamanye amandla kagesi e-DC kumajika e-excitation ibizwa ngokuthi yi-DC motor ejabule ngokuhlukana, futhi izintambo ziboniswa esithombeni (a). Emfanekisweni, u-M umelela injini, futhi uma i-generator, u-G uyimele. Unomphela uzibuthe DC motor kungabuye kubhekwe njengehlukile ejabulile DC motor.
2. Shunt DC motor
I-excitation winding kanye ne-armature winding ye-Shunt DC motor kuxhunywe ngokuhambisana, futhi izintambo ziboniswa kumfanekiso (b). Njengejeneretha ye-shunt excitation, i-voltage ye-terminal evela ku-motor ngokwayo inikeza amandla ku-ecitation winding; Njengenjini ye-shunt, i-excitation winding ne-armature yabelana ngokuphakelwa kwamandla okufanayo, okufanayo naleyo motor ye-DC ejabule ngokwehlukana ngokusebenza.
3. uchungechunge ejabulile DC motor
I-excitive winding yochungechunge lwe-DC motor ejabulile ixhunywe ochungechungeni ngokujika kwe-armature, bese ixhunywe kugesi we-DC. I-wiring iboniswa kumfanekiso (c). I-excitation current yale motor DC yi-armature current.
Intengo yenjini ye-valve engu-16 e-pakistan dynamo yokukhiqiza ugesi
4. i-compound DC motor
I-compound excitation DC motor inamawindi e-excitation amabili, i-excitation ehambisanayo kanye ne-series excitation, futhi izintambo ziboniswa esithombeni (d). Uma i-flux kazibuthe ekhiqizwa uchungechunge lwe-excitation winding kanye nokujika kwenjabulo okuhambisanayo kunendlela efanayo, kubizwa ngokuthi i-cumulative compound excitation. Uma ama-fluxes amabili kazibuthe anezikhombisi-ndlela eziphambene, kubizwa ngokuthi i-differal compound excitation.
Amamotho e-DC anezinhlobo ezihlukile zokuvusa anezici ezihlukile. Ngokuvamile, izindlela eziyinhloko zokuvusa i-DC motor ziyi-excitation ehambisanayo, i-series excitation kanye ne-compound excitation. Izindlela eziyinhloko zokuthakasela ze-DC generator ziyi-excitation ehlukene, i-excitation ehambisanayo kanye ne-compound excitation.
Izici ze-DC motor
(1) Ukusebenza okuhle kokulawulwa kwesivinini. Okubizwa ngokuthi "ukusebenza kwe-speed regulation" kubhekisela ekutheni ijubane le-motor lishintshwa ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokuvumelana nezidingo ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zomthwalo. I-DC motor ingakwazi ukubona ukulawulwa kwejubane elingenasinyathelo futhi elibushelelezi ngaphansi komthwalo osindayo, futhi uhla lokulawula isivinini lubanzi.
(2) I-torque enkulu yokuqala. Ukulawulwa kwesivinini kungenziwa ngendlela efanayo nangokwezomnotho. Ngakho-ke, yonke imishini eqala ngaphansi komthwalo osindayo noma edinga ukulungiswa kwejubane okufanayo, njengesigayo esikhulu esiguqulekayo sensimbi, iwintshi, isitimela sikagesi, ithilamu, njll., ishayelwa yi-DC motor.
Isimiso sokusebenza se-DC motor
Isimiso sokusebenza se-DC motor
Umgomo "wamandla asebenza ku-conductor onikwe amandla endaweni kazibuthe" usetshenziswa cishe. Izintambo ezimbili ezisemaphethelweni ekhoyili ye-excitation zinamasinga afanayo ngakwelinye icala, okwenza ikhoyili yonke ikhiqize ukuzungeza ku-shaft futhi yenze ikhoyili ijikeleze.
Ukuze wenze i-armature ithole i-torque ka-electromagnetic enesiqondiso esifanayo, ukhiye ulele endleleni yokuguqula indlela yamanje egeleza ikhoyili ngesikhathi lapho uhlangothi lwekhoyili lungaphansi kwezigxobo kazibuthe ze-polarity ehlukene, okungukuthi, i-so- ebizwa ngokuthi "ukuhamba". Ngakho-ke, idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-commutator kufanele yengezwe. I-commutator kanye nebhulashi kungaqinisekisa ukuthi i-current ohlangothini lwekhoyili ngaphansi kwesigxobo ngasinye ihlala isendleleni efanayo, ukuze injini ikwazi ukuzungeza ngokuqhubekayo. Lona umgomo wokusebenza we-DC motor.
