Injini kagesi umshini kagesi oguqula amandla kagesi abe amandla emishini. Amamotho amaningi kagesi asebenza ngokusebenzisana phakathi kwendima kazibuthe yemoto namandla kagesi endaweni ephendukayo yocingo ukuze akhiqize amandla ngendlela yetorque esetshenziswa kushafti yemoto.
Amamotho kagesi anganikwa amandla imithombo yamanje eqondile (DC), njengakumabhethri, noma izilungisi, noma imithombo yamanje (AC) eshintshanayo, efana negridi yamandla, izishintshashintshayo noma amajeneretha kagesi. Ijeneretha kagesi iyafana nenjini kagesi, kodwa isebenza ngokuhlehla kwamandla, iguqule amandla emishini abe amandla kagesi.
Ama-motors kagesi angahlukaniswa ngokucatshangwa okufana nohlobo lomthombo wamandla, ukwakhiwa kwangaphakathi, uhlelo kanye nohlobo lokukhishwa kokunyakaza. Ngokungeziwe ezinhlotsheni ze-AC uma kuqhathaniswa ne-DC, ama-motors angashaywa noma angashaywa ngebhulashi, angaba ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene (bheka isigaba esisodwa, izigaba ezimbili, noma izigaba ezintathu), futhi angahle apholiswe ngumoya noma apholile oketshezi. Ama-motors enhloso ejwayelekile ngobukhulu obujwayelekile nezimpawu ahlinzeka ngamandla womshini wokusetshenziswa kwezimboni.
Ama-motors kagesi amakhulu kunawo wonke asetshenziselwa ukuqhutshwa komkhumbi, ukucindezelwa kwamapayipi kanye nezicelo zokugcina okumpompiwe ngezilinganiso ezifika kumamegawathi ayi-100. Ama-motors kagesi atholakala kubalandeli bezimboni, ama-blower namaphampu, amathuluzi wemishini, izinto zasendlini, amathuluzi kagesi kanye nama-disk drive. Ama-motors amancane angatholakala kumawashi kagesi. Kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, njengokubhreyiza okuzenzakalelayo nama-traction motors, ama-motors kagesi angasetshenziswa ukubuyela emuva njengama-generator ukuthola amandla angahle alahleke njengokushisa nokungqubuzana.
Ngogesi, imoto iqukethe izinto ezimbili ezihamba zihlobana futhi ezakha ndawonye isekethe kazibuthe:
Ozibuthe benkambu - Le ngxenye idala amandla kazibuthe adlula ohlakeni. Imvamisa kuyisethi yamagneticnet azungeze i-rotor, equkethe ama-wire windings ku-ferromagnetic iron core eqondisa amandla kazibuthe. Kungenjalo kungaba uzibuthe eyodwa noma ngaphezulu unomphela.
Isikhali - Le yingxenye lapho kugeleza khona amandla kagesi akhulisa amandla. Njengamakhoyili wensimu, iqukethe ama-wire windings kumgogodla we-ferromagnetic. Lapho amandla kagesi edlula ocingweni amandla kazibuthe avela kukazibuthe wensimu anamandla kuwo, abizwa ngokuthi amandla eLorentz, aguqula i-rotor.
Enye yalezi zingxenye ifakwe ku-stator, ingxenye emile yemoto enamathiselwe kufreyimu, enye ikwe-Rotor, ingxenye eguqukayo. Uzibuthe wensimu uvame ukuba se-stator kanye nesikhali ku-Rotor, kepha kwezinye izinhlobo zemoto kuyabuyiselwa emuva.
Ngomshini, imoto iqukethe lezi zingxenye
Ukujikeleza
Kumoto kagesi, ingxenye ehambayo yi-Rotor, evula ishafula ukuletha amandla womshini. Irotor ivame ukuba nezingqangi ezifakwa kuyo ezithwala imisinga, lapho amandla kazibuthe e-stator enamandla okuvula shaft. Ngenye indlela, amanye ama-rotor aphethe ozibuthe abasebenza unomphela, kanti i-stator ibamba abaqhubi.
Kufanele kube negebe lomoya phakathi kwe-stator ne-Rotor ukuze likwazi ukujika. Ububanzi begebe bunomthelela omkhulu kuzimpawu zikagesi zemoto. Imvamisa yenziwa incane ngangokunokwenzeka, njengoba igebe elikhulu linomphumela omubi omubi ekusebenzeni. Kungumthombo oyinhloko wesici samandla aphansi lapho ama-motors asebenza khona. Ukwanda kwamanje kukazibuthe namandla esici ancipha ngegebe lomoya, ngakho-ke izikhala ezincane zingcono. Izikhala ezincane kakhulu zingadala izinkinga zemishini ngaphezu komsindo nokulahleka.
